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    Some people choose to be vegetarian, but others are vegetarian because of their religion(宗教), their culture, or the place they live. There are vegetarians all over the world, but the country with the most vegetarians is India.
    About one billion people live in India, and most follow the Hindu religion. Hindus think it is wrong to kill animals or make them suffer. They think if they do so, they will suffer the same way one day. Hindus believe cows are sacred, and they are respected by people. Therefore, most Hindus do not eat beef.
    There are different kinds of vegetarians in the world . Some vegetarians do not eat beef or red meat, but they eat chicken and fish. Some do not eat red meat, chicken, or fish but they eat cheese, butter, eggs, milk, and other animal products. Other vegetarians do not use anything that comes from an animal. Some don t wear wool because it harms the sheep, don t use silk because it hurts silkworms, and don t eat honey because they do not want to hurt bees. Other vegetarians only eat vegetables; however they do not kill plants. For example, they will not eat carrots or potatoes because when you pick them, the plants die. They will eat apples or pears because picking them does not harm the plant. Some vegetarians do not kill or hurt any animal-not even a fly or a mosquito!
    In India, too, there are different kinds of vegetarians. Some Hindus are strict vegetarians. Other Hindus eat all meat except beef, but they only eat it about once a week. Many families eat chicken or lamb a few times a year on special occasions, like wedding. The Hindus from the upper classes do not eat meat or drink alcohol. However, the lower classes eat all meat except beef. The upper classes, or Brahmans(婆罗门), cannot kill anything that is moving. If they do, they believe they will become that animal in their next lives and will be killed, too.
    Hindus follow other rules when they eat. They rinse their mouths, arms, and legs before and after eating to clean themselves. It is a custom for the man of the house to eat thirty two mouthfuls at each meal, chewing carefully and thinking about pleasant things. Strict Hindus do not eat garlic or onions. They believe that foods have characteristics. Some foods are “hot", others are “cold” They think the strong smells of these foods are too powerful for the mild tastes and smells of other vegetables. Also, in middle class families, many women do not eat meat, but men do. Women think eating meat is something manly. They also connect meat with violence.
    Vegetarians are everywhere in both rich and poor countries. In parts of the world such as Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia, meat is uncommon, and therefore it is an easy choice to be vegetarian. Surveys show that in both the United States and Britain about 4 percent of the population is vegetarian. And more and more people are choosing vegetarianism every day. Many people become vegetarian for health reasons. They look and feel better when they stop eating meat. Some famous vegetarians include Leonardo da Vince, Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison.
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家   徽

余  华

       ①国有国徽,校有校徽,厂有厂徽,奇怪吗?我家竟有家徽。我们家的家徽是一条鱼,一条画在门板上的鱼。那条鱼画得很笨拙,线条零乱而粗糙,只能让人意会到是条鱼而已。但它却有不寻常的来历。

       ②祖父在世时,膝下有父亲他们弟兄四个,个个都是身高马大的男子汉,民国初年,战乱频繁,家庭仗着几个男人下死力气勉强维持着温饱。

       ③一天夜半,父亲起来小解,发现一条人影窜进了厨房,他便喊叫起来,同时马上守住厨房门口。不一会儿,父亲弟兄几个都起来了,他们点着灯,拿来大木棒子和斧头,仔细地搜索着厨房的每一个角落。厨房的旮旮旯旯都搜遍了,却没发现人。父亲弟兄几个说父亲定是半夜眼花,父亲赌咒发誓说肯定有人,还在争辩时祖父来了,祖父让儿子们都去睡觉。等他们兄弟走了后,祖父走到水缸边,敲敲盖子,说:“你不用躲了,出来吧。”只见这时水缸里水淋淋地站起一个人来,这人一手擎着水缸木盖,浑身颤抖,面无人色,另一只手里,还攥着一布袋大米哩。

       ④祖父望着窃贼,叹口气说:“算了,你走吧,要是让我的儿子们看见了,你今天非得残废不可。”

       ⑤贼傻望着祖父,他不敢相信祖父就这样轻易地让他走,但祖父分明是平静地挥了挥手,贼便从水缸里爬出来。祖父又把那水淋淋的米袋子交给他说:“带上它吧,它可帮你家度几天日子。”贼要说什么,却眼眶红了,低着头,提着米袋子往外走,走到门口,“慢着,”祖父又叫住他,塞给他一串铜钱:“你拿这些钱去做个小生意,再也不要干这伤天害理的勾当了。”

       ⑥贼“扑通”一声跪在地上,给祖父磕了几个响头,便走了。

       ⑦不知过了多久,一天清晨,祖父一开门,便在门环上发现了一条两斤多的鲜鱼。祖父先是感到奇怪,但马上他醒悟到是那贼送来的,那人大约是做了贩鱼的生意。

       ⑧自此以后,我家门环经常出现鲜鱼,家里便经常可以改善生活。父亲他们感到奇怪,祖父便舒缓地向父亲弟兄们讲起鱼的来历。

       ⑨大约吃了几十条鱼后,祖父感到不安,说人家是小本经营,别吃垮了人家。于是连着几天半夜候着,一直熬了三个夜,终于让祖父遇见了那送鱼人。谁知不是那个贼,却是一个年轻渔人。这渔人是那贼的儿子,贼在临终前嘱咐他要坚持送鱼到我家来。祖父和父亲他们听着连连点头。为了不违亡人遗愿,祖父拿过一把刀子,让年轻人在我家门上刻一条鱼,并说从此不许他再送鱼,就用刻下的鱼替代好了。祖父同时叮嘱父亲弟兄们要保管好这条“鱼”,牢记这件事。

       ⑩于是,我们家按照祖父的意思,每次做屋或换门时,都保留这鱼的图案。它,自然而然地成了我家的家徽。