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    玄德也防曹操谋害,就下处后园种菜,亲自浇灌,以为韬晦之计。关、张二人曰:“兄不留心天下大事,而学小人之事,何也?”玄德曰:“此非二弟所知也。”二人乃不复言。

    一日,关、张不在,玄德正在后园浇菜,许褚、张辽引数十人入园中曰:“丞相有命,请使君便行。”玄德惊问曰:“有甚紧事?”许褚曰:“不知,只教我来相请。”玄德只得随二人入府见操。操笑曰:“在家做得好大事!”唬得玄德面如土色。操执玄德手,直至后园,曰:“玄德学圃不易!”玄德方才放心,答曰:“无事消遣耳。”操曰:“适见枝头梅子青青,忽感去年征张绣时,道上缺水,将士皆渴,吾心生一计,以鞭虚指曰:‘前面有梅林。’军士闻之,口皆生唾,由是不渴。今见此梅,不可不赏,又值煮酒正熟,故邀使君小亭一会。”玄德心神方定。随至小亭,已设樽俎:盘置青梅,一樽煮酒。二人对坐,开怀畅饮。

    酒至半酣,忽阴云漠漠,骤雨将至。从人遥指天外龙挂,操与玄德凭栏观之。操曰:“使君知龙之变化否?”玄德曰:“未知其详。”操曰:“龙能大能小,能升能隐:大则兴云吐雾,小则隐介藏形;升则飞腾于宇宙之间,隐则潜伏于波涛之内。方今春深,龙乘时变化,犹人得志而纵横四海。龙之为物,可比世之英雄。玄德久历四方,必知当世英雄。请试指言之。”玄德曰:“备肉眼安识英雄?”操曰:“休得过谦。”玄德曰:“备叨恩庇,得仕于朝。天下英雄,实有未知。”操曰:“既不识其面,亦闻其名。”玄德曰:“淮南袁术,兵粮足备,可为英雄?”操笑曰:“冢中枯骨,吾早晚必擒之!”玄德曰:“河北袁绍,四世三公,门多故吏;今虎踞冀州之地,部下能事者极多,可为英雄?”操笑曰:“袁绍色厉胆薄,好谋无断,干大事而惜身,见小利而忘命:非英雄也。”玄德曰:“有一人名称八俊,威镇九州——刘景升可为英雄?”操曰:“刘表虚名无实,非英雄也。”玄德曰:“有一人血气方刚,江东领袖——孙伯符乃英雄也?”操曰:“孙策藉父之名,非英雄也。”玄德曰:“益州刘季玉,可为英雄乎?”操曰:“刘璋虽系宗室,乃守户之犬耳,何足为英雄!”玄德曰:“如张绣、张鲁,韩遂等辈皆何如?”操鼓掌大笑曰:“此等碌碌小人,何足挂齿!”玄德曰:“舍此之外,备实不知。”操曰:“夫英雄者,胸怀大志,腹有良谋,有包藏宇宙之机,吞吐天地之志者也。”玄德曰:“谁能当之?”操以手指玄德,后自指,曰:“今天下英雄,唯使君与操耳!”玄德闻言,吃了一惊,手中所执匙筋,不觉落于地下。时正值天雨将至,雷声大作。玄德乃从容俯首拾筋曰:“一震之威,乃至于此。”操笑曰:“丈夫亦畏雷乎?”玄德曰:“圣人迅雷风烈必变,安得不畏?”将闻言失筋缘故,轻轻掩饰过了。操遂不疑玄德。

【注】①学圃:学习种菜。②龙挂:即龙卷风。远看积雨云下呈漏斗状舒卷下垂,古人缺乏科学的了解,以为是施雨的龙在下挂吸水。③迅雷风烈必变:语出《论语·乡党》,说孔子遇到疾雷暴风,必定要改变容色,表示对上天的敬畏。迅雷风烈,即迅雷烈风,这是为了错综成文的一种变例的修词。

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    “Years ago when I was at the Grand Canyon, I remembered someone coming up to the canyon's edge, taking a shot with a camera and then walking away, like 'got it – done', barely even glancing at the magnificent scene in front of him,” Linda Henkel, a scientist at Fairfield University, US told Live Science.

    Henkel was surprised by how obsessed (痴迷的) people are with taking pictures these days - before dinner, during friends' birthday parties, on museum tours and so on.

    They keep taking pictures because they think that it helps record the moment, but as Henkel's latest study has just found out, this obsession may prevent their brains remembering what actually happened, reported The Guardian.

    In her study, Henkel led a group of college students around a museum and asked them to simply observe 15 objects and photograph 15 others. The next day the students' memory of the tour was tested, and the results showed that they were less accurate in recognizing the objects and they remembered fewer details about them if they photographed them.

    ''When people rely on technology to remember them — counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves, it can have a negative impact on how well they remember their experiences,” Henkel explained.

    But there is also an exception: if students zoomed in to photograph part of an object, their memory actually improved, and those who focused the lens (镜头) on a specific area could even recall parts that weren't in the frame.

    So basically, this study is saying that constantly taking pictures can harm your memory. But shouldn't reviewing pictures we have taken help wake up our memories? This is true, but only if we spend enough time doing it.

    “In order to remember, we have to access and interact with the photos, rather than just collect them,” Henkel told The Telegraph. However, previous research has shown that most people never take the time to look over their digital pictures simply because there are too many of them and they aren't usually very organized on their computers.