马克思说：“希腊的内部极盛时期是伯里克利时代。”这一时代，雅典（　　）

I'm David．When I was 13,my parents decided that I should go to England to improve my English．I had never been to other countries before，so I felt a little worried．My parents prepared everything for my journey．My plane was due(预期)to leave at 9：30 a．m．and arrive in two hours．I phoned the English family who I would stay with and they told me they would wait for me at the airport(机场)．

Unluckily my plane to London was delayed (延误)．I tried to phone the English family again but I couldn't speak to them because they had already left home for the airport．

When I arrived in London．it was already 1：30p.m．I went to get my luggage(行李)but I couldn't find it．I became very worried．Luckily, the airport staff(工作人员)was very helpful and efficient．I didn't wait long-they found it 10 minutes later．

My English family were still waiting for me! I was so happy! Then my new life in London began．My English family were quite kind．I learned a lot of English because I spent most of the day talking in English．I played computer games with the little boy in my English family．I also taught him how to play chess．Sometimes I told him stories I learned from my family．

I missed my family during my stay in London．but I also feIt sad when my stay there came to an end．My English family held a party for me．I enjoyed it very much．I’ll never forget that summer in London! It is one of the most wonderful experiences I've ever had．

如图所示，根据通电螺线管中的电流方向，可以判断出通电螺线管的左端是____ 极。（填“N”或“S”）。

阅读理解

    One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Neville Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.

    In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions(规定) was the 1994 "Toubon law" in France, and the idea has been copied in many countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often considered as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.

    It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the "purity" of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but that has not been a barrier to acquiring superiority and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of the state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.

    The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon—especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessarily take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new ways of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields to defend.