题干

阅读下面两段文言文(节选),完成小题。
     【甲】公与之乘,战于长勺。公将鼓之。刿曰:“未可。”齐人三鼓。刿曰:“可矣。”齐师败绩。公将驰之。刿曰:“未可。”下视其辙,登轼而望之,曰:“可矣。”遂逐齐师。
      既克,公问其故。对曰:“夫战,勇气也。一鼓作气,再而衰,三而竭。彼竭我盈,故克之。夫大国,难测也,惧有伏焉。吾视其辙乱,望其旗靡,故逐之。”
                                                                                                                           (选自《曹刿论战》)
     【乙】贾诩字文和,武威姑臧人也。张绣在南阳,遣人迎诩。诩遂往。太祖征之,一朝引军退,绣自追之。诩谓绣曰:“不可追也,追必败。”绣不从,进兵交战,大败而还。诩谓绣曰:“促更追之,更战必胜。”绣谢曰:“不用公言,以至于此。今已败,奈何复追?”诩曰:“兵势有变,亟往必利。”绣信之,遂收散卒赴追,大战,果以胜还。问诩曰:“绣以精兵追退军,而公曰必败,退以败卒击胜兵,而公曰必克。悉如公言,何其反而皆验也?”诩曰:“此易知耳。将军虽善用兵,非曹公敌也。军虽新退,曹公必自断后;追兵虽精,将既不敌,彼士亦锐,故知必败。曹公攻将军无失策,力未尽而退,必国内有故;已破将军,必轻军速进,纵留诸将断后,诸将虽勇,亦非将军敌,故虽用败兵而战必胜也。”绣乃服。
                                                                                                                        (选自《三国志·贾诩论战》)
     【注释】①贾诩:东汉末年著名的谋士。后投靠曹操。②太祖:指曹操。③比:连续。④之:指张绣,东汉末年的军阀。⑤促:赶快。⑥亟(jí):赶紧。

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    Mya Le Thai is a scientist studying at the University of California, Irvine. She recently discovered a process that may result in batteries that last forever. Thai said she had been discouraged that the batteries for her wireless devices degrade. Over time, they fail to charge fully.

    Thai did not like to have keep her wireless laptop connected to an electrical outlet. She decided to do something about that problem.

    At first, she and her team thought about inventing a new battery. But as they experimented, Thai discovered something that might permit lithium-ion(锂离子) batteries to last forever. Lithium-ion batteries power most wireless devices. Over time, the batteries lose the ability to hold a charge. Most of these batteries have a life span of about 7,000 charging cycles before they die.

    One of the reasons lithium-ion batteries degrade is their use of nanowires(纳米线) to carry electricity. Nanowires are extremely thin. A human hair is thousands of times thicker, for example. Nanowires are extremely efficient carriers of electricity, which makes them useful in batteries. But Thai said their thinness also makes them weak. "Nanowires break over time," she said. "That's why they lose capacity."

    But, Thai had a theory: The nanowires might last longer if covered with a material. She and the team tested her theory. The team tried many coverings for the wires. PMMA was one of them. The nanowires were coated with PMMA and cycled through charges 200,000 times. The PMMA coated nanowires showed no evidence of damage. The results suggest that batteries could last forever, without losing charging ability.

    Thai hopes to continue her research to understand why this material works so well and to see if any other material could create better results.

"It's kind of cool," she said. "I'm really glad people are showing interest in my work and not just in the work itself, but also in technology and energy."