题干

阅读材料,完成下列要求。

现代化是自16世纪以来在全球范围内梯次展开的大变革过程。它以科技革命为动力,以经济发展为根本。以工业化为核心,全面波及政治、经济、社会结构、文化心理等各个领域,使整个社会发生了急剧、广泛而深刻的变化,使人类文明在短短几百年间经历了前所未有的跃进,实现了从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转变。 一般来说,我们依据一个国家现代化起始的时间以及现代化的最初启动因素的,可以将所有卷入现代化浪潮的国家分为两类,即早发内生型现代化和后发外生型现代化。

结合材料与所学知识,围绕“现代化的模式”自行拟定一个具体论题,并就所拟论题进行简要阐述。(要求:明确写出所拟论题,简述须有史实依据,逻辑清楚)

上一题 下一题 0.0难度 选择题 更新时间:2017-02-19 04:31:03

答案(点此获取答案解析)

示例一:早发内生型现代化模式

代表国家:英国

18世纪中期,英国现代化的因素已经具备。英国较早确立了资本主义制度;拥有最广阔的世界市场,圈地运动又为其提供了国内市场;源源不断的殖民掠夺和圈地运动为现代化提供了充足的资金;“羊吃人”的圈地运动迫使大量劳动力流入城市成为雇佣工人;工场手工业又积累了先进的技术。这些因素促使英国现代化开始启动。英国成为早发内生型现代化模式的代表。

示例二:后发外生型现代化模式

代表国家:中国

19世纪六七十年代,在

同类题5

阅读理解

    Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.

    Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't?

    To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines(学科). Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.

    On the whole, Brooks' story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks' attempt to translate his tale into science.