On July 24, 1916, a natural gas explosion trapped 32 men working in a tunnel 250 feet below Lake Erie. The first rescuers who entered the tunnel were 1 by gas, and for hours no one else dared to enter the suffocating (窒息的)2 deathtrap.

    Then, late that night, someone had an idea3 Garrett Morgan and his new invention. Garrett Morgan was a successful 4 owner in Cleveland. The son of freed slaves and the seventh of 11 children, mechanically minded Morgan had opened his own sewing machine shop, which he soon 5 to a tailoring factory with 32 employees.

    In the early 1900s, factory buildings were crowded and untidy. They were often6 of wood, with no fire escapes. Fire could cause serious7 Concerned about his employees, Morgan 8 with a “safety hood” (头罩) that would allow the wearer to9 despite a fire's poisonous smoke.

    Morgan knew smoke rises during a fire10 he created a heat-resistant hood with a long tube reaching to the floor. Wearing Morgan's hood, a firefighter could breathe the 11 air near the 12 Morgan lined the breathing tube with a sponge-like material that was wetted before use to13 the air. A second tube was designed to14 exhaled (呼出的) air.

    Called to the scene on the night of the tunnel explosion, Garrett arrived with samples of his safety hood. Still in their nightwear, he and his brother Frank put on the hoods and 15 entered the tunnel. It was a dangerous 16 of the invention, but they saved two lives and 17four bodies before officials closed the18Morgan knew that more lives might have been saved if he had been called sooner.

    The daring19 made Morgan famous and brought requests for safety hoods from fire departments around the country. But his greatest20 was knowing that his invention would now save more people.

阅读材料，完成下列要求。

材料一：由于夏、商、西周朝代的共主与各诸侯国都是作为相对独立的国际政治行为体并列存在，使得该时期的大一统主要体现在土地、民心层面，而秦统一六国则最终实现了制度层面的天下大一统。在此过程中，尽管历次朝代更迭都会出现土地及民心层面的天下分裂，但伴随着民族文化的碰撞与融合，也使得土地范围从中原地区不断向四方扩展，民心也更加凝聚到对共主的认同上，并在最终经历过春秋战国的重重洗礼之后实现了制度层面上从统一礼仪向建立秦朝中央集权体制的飞跃。

——摘编自王宣华《先秦中原文化区域“大一统”秩序观及当代价值探析》

材料二：1924年11月，孙中山在日本的演说《中国内乱之原因》中说：“说到和平统一，是我在数年前发起的主张。不过那些军阀都不赞成，所以总是不能实行这种主张。这次我到北方去，能够做成和平统一，也未可知。不过要以后真是和平统一，还是要军阀绝种；要军阀绝种，便要打破串通军阀来作恶的帝国主义。”……孙中山始终把武装斗争视为达到国家统一应采取的主要方式。为实现国家统一，孙中山一生都在不断与各派势力作斗争。在坚持武力统一的同时，孙中山从未放弃过和平统一的努力。

——摘编自王建《论孙中山的国家统一思想》

关于英国议会的说法正确的有
①英国议会有“议会之母”的称誉②《权利法案》的颁布标志议会制度的真正确立

③18世纪中叶，议会取得了对行政权力的监督控制权④1832年议会改革后工人、贫民的政治权利得到了保障。

说出下列句子的修辞手法。

在那天边隐约闪亮的不就是黄河？那在山脚缠绕不断的自然是汶河，那拱卫在泰山膝盖下的无数小馒头，却是沮涞山等著名的山岭。