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    钱士升,字抑之,嘉善人。万历四十四年殿试第一,授修撰。天启初,以养母乞归。久之,进左中允,不赴。高邑赵南星、同里魏大中受珰①祸,及江西同年生万燝杖死追赃,皆力为营护,破产助之,以是为东林所推。

    崇祯元年起少詹事,掌南京翰林院。明年以詹事召。会座主钱龙锡被逮,送之河干,即谢病归。四年,起南京礼部右侍郎,署尚书事。祭告凤阳陵寝,疏陈户口流亡之状甚悉。六年九月,召拜礼部尚书兼东阁大学士,参预机务。明年春入朝。请停事例,罢鼓铸②,严赃吏之诛,止遣官督催新旧饷,第责成于抚按。帝悉从之。  

    帝操切,温体仁以刻薄佐之,上下嚣然。士升因撰《四箴》以献,大指谓宽以御众,简以临下,虚以宅心,平以出政,其言深中时病。帝虽优旨报闻,意殊不怿也。

    无何,武生李璡请括江南富户,报名输官,行首实籍没之法。士升恶之,拟旨下刑部提问,帝不许,同官温体仁遂改轻拟。士升曰:“此乱本也,当以去就争之。”乃疏言:“郡邑有富家,固贫民衣食之源也。地方水旱,有司令出钱粟,均粜济饥,一遇寇警,令助城堡守御,富家未尝无益于国。今以兵荒归罪于富家朘削,议括其财而籍没之,此秦皇不行于巴清、汉武不行于卜式者,而欲行圣明之世乎?此议一倡无赖亡命相率而与富家为难不驱天下之民胥为流寇不止或疑此辈乃流寇心腹倡横议以摇人心岂直借端幸进已哉疏入,而璡已下法司提问。帝报曰:“即欲沽名,前疏已足致之,毋庸汲汲。”前疏谓《四箴》也。士升惶惧,引罪乞休,帝即许之。

(节选自《明史•钱士升传》,有删改)

【注】①珰:武职宦官帽子的装饰品,后借指宦官。②鼓铸:鼓风扇火,冶炼金属。

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    It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries.

    Then one day, some visitors from the city arrived. They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog's legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places.

    This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around, and they were no use to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a better future. But the dream didn't last long.

    The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately.

    The villagers decided that they couldn't just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak. They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(杀虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left.

    Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadn't been useless. They had been doing an important job---eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.

    Now, the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs. These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.