现代文阅读（一）

想北平（节选）

    伦敦、巴黎、罗马与堪司坦丁堡，曾被称为欧洲的四大“历史的都城”。我知道一些伦敦的情形，巴黎与罗马只是到过而已，堪司坦丁堡根本没有去过。就伦敦、巴黎、罗马来说，巴黎更近似北平，不过，假使让我“家住巴黎”，我一定会和没有家一样地感到寂苦。巴黎，据我看，还太热闹。虽然那里也有空旷静寂的地方，可是又未免太旷，不像北平那样既复杂而又有个边际，使我能摸着——那长着红酸枣的老城墙！面向着积水潭，背后是城墙，坐在石上看水中的小蝌蚪或苇叶上的嫩蜻蜓，我可以快乐地坐一天，心中完全安适，无所求也无可怕，像小儿安睡在摇篮里。是的，北平也有热闹的地方，但是它和太极拳相似，动中有静。巴黎有许多地方使人疲乏，所以咖啡与酒是必要的，以便刺激；在北平，有温和的香片茶就够了。

    虽说巴黎的布置比伦敦罗马匀调得多，可是比起北平来还差点儿。北平在人为之中显出自然，既不挤得慌，又不太僻静，连最小的胡同里的房子也有院子与树，最空旷的地方也离买卖街与住宅区不远。北平的好处不在处处设备得完全，而在它处处有空儿，可以使人自由地喘气；不在有许多美丽的建筑，而在建筑的四围都有空闲的地方，使它们成为美景。每一个城楼，每一个牌楼，都可以从老远就看见。况且在街上还可以看见北山与西山呢！

好学的、爱古物的人们自然喜欢北平，因为这里书多古物多。我不好学，也没钱买古物，但我却喜爱北平的花多菜多果子多。花草是种费钱的玩艺，可是北平的“草花儿”很便宜，而且家家有院子，可以花不多的钱而种一院子花。墙上的牵牛，墙根的靠山竹与草茉莉，省钱省事而且会招来翩翩的蝴蝶。至于青菜、白菜、扁豆、毛豆角、黄瓜、菠菜等等，大多数是直接由城外担来送到家门口的。雨后，韭菜叶上还往往带着雨时溅起的泥点。青菜摊子上的红红绿绿几乎有诗一般的美丽。果子有不少是从西山与北山来的，西山的沙果．海棠，北山的黑枣．柿子，进了城还带着一层白霜儿，美国包着纸的橘子遇到北平带霜儿的玉李，还不愧杀！

    是的，北平是个都城，而能有好多自己产生的花．菜．水果，这就使人更接近了自然。从它里面说，没有像伦敦的那些成天冒烟的工厂；从外面说，它紧连着园林．菜圃与农村。采菊东篱下，在这里，确是可以悠然见南山的。像我这样的一个贫寒的人，或许只有在北平才能享受一点清福吧。

    好，不再说了吧，要落泪了。真想念北平呀！

      Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family.When she was young she took lessons in music and drawing，and read a lot of books.She also travelled a great deal with her mother and father.

      As a child she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure.She enjoyed helping them.At last her mind was made up.“I’m going to be a nurse，” she decided.“Nursing isn’t the right work for a lady，” her father told her.

       “Then I will make it so，” she smiled.And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France.When she returned to England，Florence started a nursing home for women.

      During the Crimean War in 1854 she went with a group of thirty-eight nurses to the front hospitals.What they saw there was terrible.Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled.The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital，either.But the brave nurses went to work.

      Florence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes，beds，medicines and food for the men.Her only pay was in smiles from the lips of dying soldiers.But they were more than enough for this kind woman.

      After war she returned to England and was honoured for her services by Queen Victoria.But Florence said that her work had just begun.She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London.She also wrote a book on public health，which was printed in several countries.

Florence Nightingale died at the age of ninety，still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse.Indeed，it is because of her that we honour nurses today.