题干

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余项。(说明:E请填涂AB;F填涂CD;G填涂ABC)

    Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the water, with you trapped inside, is absolutely terrifying. ____

    However, most deaths result from panic, without a plan or understanding what is happening to the car in the water. By adopting a brace position (防冲击姿势), acting decisively and getting out fast, you can save yourself from a sinking vehicle.

    Brace yourself for impact. As soon as you’re aware that you’re going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. The impact could set off the airbag system in your vehicle, so you should place both hands on the steering wheel in the “ten and two” position.

    Undo your seatbelt. ____ Unbuckle the children, starting with the oldest first. Forget the cellphone call. Your car isn’t going to wait for you to make the call.

    ____ Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. A car’s electrical system should work for up to three minutes in water, so try the method of opening it electronically first. Many people don’t think about the window as an escape option either because of panic or misinformation about doors and sinking.

    Break the window. If you aren’t able to open the window, or it only opens halfway, you’ll need to break it with an object or your foot. It may feel counter-intuitive (有悖常理的) to let water into the car. ____

    Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has been filled with water and it has become balanced, you must move quickly and effectively to ensure your survival. ____ 

    While there is still air in the car, take slow, deep breaths and focus on what you’re doing.

A. Open the window as soon as you hit the water.

B. Surviving a sinking car is n ot as difficult as you think.

C. It takes 60 to 120 seconds for a car to fill up with water usually.

D. Such accidents are particularly dangerous due to the risk of drowning.

E. In conclusion, if you know what to do in the water, you’ll be safe.

F. This is the first thing to attend to, yet it often gets forgotten in the panic.

G. But the sooner the window is open, the sooner you can escape directly through it.

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

D,F,A,G,C

同类题4

阅读下面的文字,完成后面题目。

                                                                                    “万物一齐”与“物之不齐”

                                                                                                     李智福

        ①庄子与孟子同是战国中期人,同为思想巨擘,他们对“物之齐否”持两种完全相反的态度。庄子提出“以道观之,物无贵贱”“万物一齐,孰短孰长”的观点,孟子则针锋相对地提出“物之不齐,物之情也”的命题。形式上,“万物一齐”与“物之不齐”是两种截然相反的观点,二者歧见之大,归本于哲人对世道人生不同的关怀方式和迥异的观照态度。

        ②庄子不是将万物强定为一尊,而是以承认“万物之不齐”为前提的,这种“齐”意味着承认一切存在皆有合法性、合理性。章太炎说:“齐其不齐,下士之鄙执;不齐而齐,上哲之玄谈。”正是此意。庄子因“不齐”而走向的“齐”,是一种平等的眼光和宽容的胸怀,对差异的包容,对弱势群体、少数群体、独异个体的尊重,这与《中庸》所说的“万物并育而不相害,道并行而不相悖”近似。同时,当他以平等的眼光看待天地万物时,齐万物,一生死,生命也从高下区分的利益焦灼中悬解了出来。另外,庄子认为“齐物”的初始图景是人类未开化时的“至德之世”,那个时候,“山无蹊隧,泽无舟梁,万物群生,连属其乡,禽兽成群,草木遂长”,庄子对“至德之世”的呼唤渗透着浓浓的诗人之乡愁意识和哲人之批判精神,警醒着人类不可妄自尊大,时时需要反省。

        ③孟子没有像庄子那样悉心去论证“物之齐否”,而是用一句平实的常识之语即“物之不齐,物之情也”对提倡“君臣并耕”的农家学派展开批评。当时农学学派之许行从楚国到滕国传道,宋国的陈相、陈辛兄弟闻风而来,尽弃前学,从师许行。陈相将许行之学转告孟子,孟子深不以为然,乃从社会分化、商品交换、劳心与劳力分工等角度论证了这种“君民同耕”是不合时宜的,不现实的,甚至是荒唐的。孟子云:“夫物之不齐,物之情也;或相倍蓰,或相什百,或相千万。子比而同之,是乱天下也。巨屦小屦同贾,人岂为之哉?从许子之道,相率而为伪者也,恶能治国家?”

       ④孟子强调“物之不齐,物之情也”恰恰是反对对天下万物整齐划一,比而同之。天下之物的价值本应有大小多少之分,因此不可以“同价”贾之,如若以“同价”来买不同之物,必然会造成良莠不齐,以次充好。若这种“比而同之”的思想上升至社会政治领域就必然会造成天下大乱。在孟子看来,正常的社会应该是一个由“劳心者”与“劳力者”两个阶层组成的社会。“劳心者”从事治理、组织和教化之事,是“食税者”,古代圣贤如后稷、尧、禹等都属于这类人;“劳力者”从事生产劳动,包括耕作、做工和经商,他们要“上税”,为“劳心者”提供衣食之资。可见,孟子言“物之不齐,物之情也”这一常识之语目的在于证明社会分工的合理性和必然性。

        ⑤庄子持“万物一齐”,孟子持“物之不齐”,二者不可同,不能同,不必同,亦无高下之分。在那个战乱频仍、世道窳败的战国之世,他们发现的是不同的症结,因此对“君臣佐使”的调配,亦大不同。唯其不同,才证明了思想史的丰富性和复杂性,二子在中国思想史上实现了互诤互补。以孟子对人性之善的信念补庄子的自然天性论,以免人性的沉沦、堕落和虚无;以庄子“万物一齐”之自在的、诗意的、艺术的觉悟精神补孟子哲学所许诺人生之过于沉重的负担、责任和义务,以避免人生的异化、僵化、道学化。

(选自《光明日报》2015年07月27日第16版,有删改)