题干

1946年,美国和苏联两国外交官向各自政府提交了研究报告,对政府的外交政策以及两国间的“冷战”产生了影响。阅读下列材料:

材料一  美国驻苏大使馆代办凯南向美国政府提交了8000字的“长电报”。电文中认为,克里姆林宫对世界事务的认知根源于苏联传统的不安全感。为了求得安全,他们从未考虑与对手达成妥协,而是要将对手置于死地。凯南还将苏联描绘为一个专制传统早已与意识形态强制相整合的国家,因而它认为外部世界是敌对的。美国必须把对付苏联放在美国对外政策的首位。

                                                                                                                           ——摘编自周建明《美国国家安全战略的基本逻辑》等

材料二  苏联驻美大使诺维科夫写了一篇名为《战后美国的外交政策》的报告。报告认为,战后美国争霸世界的动因是垄断资本的帝国主义扩张。美国利用第二次世界大战其竞争对手被削弱的时机,其资本已渗透到世界的许多国家,加强了在世界的经济地位。美国正在从国外和国内两个方向,集中反动力量对苏联进行包围。美国已成为苏联的对手。美国正运用着资本和军事这两种武器妄图达到其称霸世界的目的。

                                                                                                                           ——摘编自刘子奎《二十世纪东西方关系》

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    A high school senior from Houston, Texas, was accepted by each of the 20 top-ranked universities to which he applied — and was offered a full scholarship to every single one of them.
    Michael Brown, a 17-year-old student at Lamar High School, went viral(迅速成名) after he was caught on camera screaming in glee upon learning he was accepted into Stanford University in December.
    Little did the teen know at the time, but his excitement would increase by a factor of 20 in March when he was also accepted into Harvard, Princeton, Yale, the University of Pennsylvania, Georgetown, Northwestern, Vanderbilt and the University of Michigan, among other prestigious(著名的) colleges.
    But what did it take for Brown to pull off his flawless(完美无瑕的) clean sweep?
    To start, the high schooler has an impressive 4.68 grade point average and an SAT score of 1540 out of 1600. His ACT score, a 34 out of a possible 36, proved to be just as excellent. Brown's extracurriculars also include various internships as well as participation on his high school's debate team.
    His mother, Berthinia Rutledge-Brown, told The New York Times that she was simply blown away by her son's perfect performance. "He actually earned it," she told the Times. “I always knew Mike would get into a good school. I always knew he'd get good scholarship support. But I never imagined this."
    So, which school will he be attending this fall? Although Brown remains undecided at the moment, he reportedly plans to major in political science and hopes to one day become a lawyer.
    He will make the big decision by May 1.