黄土高原的生态建设采取了哪两个方面的措施？

①人体所需的元素从食物中摄取不足时，可通过食品添加剂和保健药剂以补充．如制成补钙、补锌的保健药剂或制成加碘食盐等，来增加对这些元素的摄入量．从上面提到的补钙剂、补锌剂和加碘食盐中的钙、锌、碘是指____（填选项字母）．

A．单质 B．原子 C．元素 D．离子

②被霉菌污染的粮食会产生黄曲霉素（C₁₇H₁₂O₆），人类的特殊基因在黄曲霉素作用下会发生突变，继而诱发癌症．黄曲霉素属于____（填“无机物”或“有机物”），

③由于化学物质使用不当，给人印象不佳的化学名词越来越多：苏丹红、三聚氰胺、…．下列做法不会危及人体健康的是____（填字母）．

A．用甲醛浸泡海鲜产品 B．用霉变花生压榨食用油

C．用小苏打做糕点的疏松剂 D．用工业盐亚硝酸钠腌渍鱼肉

④碳酸氢钠是常用的疏松剂，它们在加热条件下产生气体，使食品变得疏松．请写出相关反应的化学方程式____．

在纪念***同志诞辰l20周年座谈会上，***用“五个创造性地”总结***在党的历史上所作的重要贡献。强调***“创造性地解决”了中国革命道路问题、党的建设……一系列正确的战略策略。其中，“创造性的革命道路”指的是什么（    ）

根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

    New research has found that even if you give up smoking,the damage it has done to your genes（基因）will stay there for a much longer time.

    In the research,a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people.Among them,some were smokers,some used to smoke,and the rest were non-smokers.Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed-a number that is one-third of known human genes.

    According to NBC News,both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes.Some people may have had the changes when they were born,but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like  smoking.

    When you stop smoking,a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.This means your body is trying to heal（治愈）itself of the harmful effects of smoking.But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer.They can stay for as long as 30 years.It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement（水泥）一it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.

    Although the study results may make people unhappy,there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer ricks.