题干

阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一 政变前光绪帝与慈禧太后的政治权力关系存在着两种制度:其一是事后报告制度……每日将当日重要折件及简要相关谕旨上报慈禧太后,其中个别折件光绪帝对慈禧太后有所隐瞒……其二是事前请示制度……主要是在光绪帝面见慈禧太后时,须将重大政治决策和高级官员任免,先行请示慈禧太后,但也有例外,如任命军机四章京,对此慈禧太后事后虽为不平,但无法推翻光绪帝的“擅自”决定。

                                                                                                                                                                    ——茅海建《戊戌变法史事考》

材料二 慈禧曾表示,“变法乃素志……苟可以致富强者,儿自为之,吾不内制也”。

                                                                                                                                                                    ——苏继祖《戊戌朝变记》

材料三 在这次上书中(《上清帝第五书》),康有为围绕召开国会、定宪法的主张,进一步提出变法的上、中、下三策。皇帝仿效彼得大帝和明治天皇,亲自主持大计,宣布变法,是上策;召集有才能的人,共商变法的具体方案和步骤,以此推行,是中策;责成督抚在各省实施新政……是下策。

                                                                                                                                                                     ——《中国近代现代史》

材料四 惟中国风气未开,内外大小多未通达中外之故,惟有乾纲独断,以君权雷厉风行。

                                                                                                                                                                     ——康有为《日本变政考》

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The Lost Rules of Etiquette

    Etiquette, or good manners, used to be the glue that held society together____Sadly, these days it has mostly gone by the wayside. This list is several best rules of etiquette that have now disappeared.

Opening the Door

    In days gone by, a gentleman would always open doors for ladies____This has now almost entirely disappeared-- and it is pot entirely the fault of the men. I have seen women laugh at men for opening a door for them. They seem to be confusing manners with chauvinism(大男子主义).

Writing Thank-You Notes

    In days gone by, whenever a person received a gift, they would write a thank-you note as soon as possible____Parents would sit children down after a birthday or Christmas and coach them in their first thank-you note. It is a shame that gift giving has now become a virtual obligation and the idea of a thank-you note would be laughed at.
____
         We seem to have completely lost the concept of correct timing when it comes to parties these days____ After all, a party normally has a guest of honor-this is usually the oldest woman present. It was considered extremely rude in the past to leave a party before the guest of honor-and once the guest of honor left, it was a signal to all that they should begin their own preparations to leave.

A. Arriving on Time.

B. Leaving at the Right Time.

C. People leave with various excuses.

D. It enabled people to get on well with each other.

E. This rule was true even if the giver was a relative.

F. It could be the lady they were driving, or a stranger.

G. We've thrown away the concept of a guest of honor at will.