比 $\frac{3}{7}$ 米多 $\frac{1}{2}$ 米的是____米； $\frac{7}{9}$ 米比____米长 $\frac{1}{2}$ 米。

注意：每空一词。

    A recent study points out a so-called “gender-equality paradox(性别平等悖论)”: there are more women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) in countries with lower gender equality. Why do women make up 40 percent of engineering majors in Jordan, but only 34 percent in Sweden and 19 percent in the U.S.? The researchers suggest that women are just less interested in STEM, and when liberal Western countries let them choose freely, they freely choose different fields.

    We disagree.

    From cradle to classroom, a wealth of research shows that the environment has a major influence on girls' interest and ability in math and science. Early in school, teachers, unconscious prejudice push girls away from STEM. By their preteen years, girls outperform boys in science class and report equal interest in the subject, but parents think that science is harder and less interesting for their daughters than their sons, and these misunderstandings predict their children's career choices.

    Later in life, women get less credit than men for the same math performance. When female STEM majors write to potential PhD advisors, they are less likely to get a response. When STEM professors review applications for research positions, they are less likely to hire “Jennifer” than “John,” even when both applications are otherwise identical—and if they do hire “Jennifer,” they pay her $4,000 less.

    These findings make it clear that women in Western countries are not freely expressing their lack of “interest” in STEM. In fact, cultural attitudes and discrimination are shaping women's interests in a way that is anything but free, even in otherwise free countries.

    “Gender-equality paradox” research misses those social factors because it relies on a broad measure of equality called the Gender Gap Index (GGI), which tracks indicators such as wage difference, government representation and health outcomes. These are important markers of progress, but if we want to explain something as complicated as gender representation in STEM, we have to look into people's heads.

    Fortunately, we have ways to do that. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a well-validated tool for measuring how tightly two concepts are tied together in people's minds. The psychologist Brian Nosek and his colleagues analyzed over 500,000 responses to a version of the IAT that measures mental associations between men/women and science, and compared results from 34 countries. Across the world, people associated science more strongly with men than with women.

    But surprisingly, these gendered associations were stronger in supposedly egalitarian (主张平等的) Sweden than they were in the U.S., and the most pro-female scores came from Jordan. We re-analyzed the study's data and found that the GGI's assessment of overall gender equality of a country has nothing to do with that country's scores on the science IAT.

    That means the GGI fails to account for cultural attitudes toward women in science and the complicated mix of history and culture that forms those attitudes.

某地降水量为800毫米，是指该地（　　）

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                                                                                                        信仰之光
      ①信仰，就是相信人生中有一种东西，它比自己的生命重要得多，甚至是人生中最重要的东西，值得为之活着，必要时也值得为之献身。这种东西必定是高于我们的日常生活的，像日月星辰一样在我们头顶照耀，我们相信它并且仰望它，所以称作信仰。但是，它又不像日月星辰那样可以用眼睛看见，而只是我们心中的一种观念，所以又称作信念。
      ②真正的信仰是相信人生应该有崇高的追求，真正看重信仰的人决不盲目相信某一种流行的宗教或别的什么思想，而是通过独立思考来寻求和确立自己的信仰。两千四百年前，苏格拉底的信仰就是：人生的价值在于爱智慧，用理性省察生活尤其是道德生活。他为自己的信仰献出了宝贵的生命。
      ③信仰是内心的光，它照亮了一个人的人生之路。没有信仰的人犹如在黑暗中行路，不辨方向，没有目标，随波逐流，活一辈子也只是浑浑噩噩。当然，一个人要真正确立起自己的信仰，这不是一件容易的事。在我看来，在信仰的问题上，真正重要的是要有真诚的态度。所谓真诚，第一就是要认真，既不是无所谓，可有可无，也不是随大流，盲目相信；第二就是要诚实，决不自欺欺人。有了这种真诚的态度，即使你没有找到一种明确的思想形态作为你的信仰，你也可以算作一个有信仰的人了，因为你至少是在信仰着一种有真诚追求的人生境界。