题干

霜雪里,白菜白

刘文波

①  读到白居易一首写白菜的诗,写得真好:浓霜打白菜,霜威空自严。不见菜心死,翻教菜心甜。

     ②面对满园的白菜,诗人一定也觉得做棵白菜其实也是不错的。自然界的风刀霜剑带给自己的只是褪去铅华浮躁的轻松自然,霜威深重带来的只是将白菜由青涩转为饱满、甜润。霜气成了走向成熟的最后一道淬火工序。见过了霜雪,方能掘出生命的醴泉。

     ③经了霜的白菜如人到中年,没有了浮躁与火气,将所有的峥嵘、锋芒内敛为馥郁和充实。密植着繁茂的心事,向内心生长,在内里生花。

     ④过去,农村几乎家家都要种白菜。从立秋下种,到小雪收获,要经历八个节气的孕育。这段日子里,白菜娉娉袅袅地长在农家的地头、院落,成为一首小令,一首长调。别看白菜还小,从初生到刚长出几片肥硕鲜嫩的绿叶,便繁衍着农家的饭碗的清香。清晨,母亲踩着晨露间(jiàn)下一筐嫩苗,回家洗净准备下锅,心急的父亲往往先用焦黄的煎饼卷起几棵嫩叶,吃得齿颊生香,如春来吃荠菜春卷一样有味。满嘴的青绿金黄,教人解馋。母亲则是将洗净的小白菜用热水汆一下,切成细末,再加豆面,做成白菜小豆腐吃。豆香、菜香很能打牙祭,熨帖胃肠的。一顿吃不上,下顿用麻油、葱花、姜丝炼锅,炒着吃,比原来更有滋味。让我们吃得热汗直流。

     ⑤过了小雪,菜窖里、屋檐下,挨挨挤挤的堆满了青绿的白菜。如同院子里成山的柴火一样,让人感到今冬温暖无忧,安眠稳睡,不必再担心大雪封门了。因为那是一冬的菜蔬。

     ⑥母亲常将未卷结实的白菜洗净了,砍去根,腌成咸菜,十几日,菜叶通体微黄,酸咸可口,拌合着粗茶淡饭,将清清淡淡的日子调剂得活色生香。

     ⑦卷得结结实实的大白菜,如同庄稼人的言谈举止一般实在。母亲能变换出多种花样做成一日三餐。蒸、闷、溜、炒,不变的是白菜,丰盈的是日子。白菜的宽厚大度,让冬日的农妇有了施展自己的余地。而其中最顺口的是母亲做的蒸白菜。进了腊月,蒸上一锅大白菜,悠悠的日子就有滋有味过去了。

     ⑧蒸白菜做法很简单,将三两棵大白菜洗净外面的叶子,备好料,油盐、葱姜、桂皮、豆瓣酱,炼锅,将白菜一片片的下锅细火焖炖。经济宽裕时,买几斤猪大骨,或者宰只自家喂的小笨鸡,先将鸡或骨头蒸至八成熟,再下白菜炖。这时炖出的白菜香而不腻,久吃不厌。在我们那儿叫蒸鸡白菜或鸡扎。客人来了,捞上一碗白菜,再用一层嫩嫩的鸡脯肉盖在菜上,就满眼是肉了。如群山落雪,层次分明,能上得了酒宴大席的,也很能调动我们的馋虫,肉香诱人啊。现在想来,那披在菜上的丝丝鸡肉,是黄公望的披麻皴①,倪云林的折带皴②,养眼养口的滋润。而那时是不能领略出这层诗意画意的,只体会到肉味的鲜美。   

     ⑨齐白石老人的白菜萝卜同样也可以入得画的。一幅写意白菜萝卜,俗得可爱,有世俗烟火味。拍卖会上,拍出几百万几千万的价格,在人们眼里已不是一颗白菜。这其实是背离了白石老人的心意的。此时,白菜已与世俗无关。

(选自《知识窗》2013年第1 期)

【注释】①黄公望,中国元代书画家,有《富春山居图》等传世。披麻皴,山水画皴法之一,画法状如麻披散而错落交搭,故曰“披麻皴” 。②倪云林:元代画家、诗人,其作画以侧锋干笔作皴,名为“折带皴”。


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    When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?

    Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.

    Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they connect you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.

    The way we affect people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day, or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they become fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today's work place is all about relationships.

    Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they're recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like Leaders understand the way things work. They know money is not the only most motivating factor in the work life of most people.

    The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of Emotional Intelligence—knowing your own emotions, and how to deal with them and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.