题干

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    从17世纪中叶到18世纪末在英国、美国和法国相继爆发的资产阶级革命以排山倒海之势给予封建专制统治和传统社会制度以致命打击……英国革命进程较为曲折,历经议会斗争、国内战争和“光荣革命”等多种形式的较量与妥协,甚至一度出现复辟才最终获得胜利,革命后在政治经济等方面也保留了较多的封建残余。但是,这次革命毕竟在很大程度上反映了当时整个世界的要求。

    美利坚民族的形成和英国的殖民统治是美国革命爆发的主要根源,因此,美国资产阶级革命是以独立战争的形式完成的……法国革命因为是在资本主义更为发展、资产阶级壮大与成熟、国内阶级矛盾更加尖锐化的历史条件下发生的,因此这次革命的规模最大、范围最广、人民群众在革命中发挥了积极作用……

──齐涛主编《世界通史教程》

以下表述是从以上材料中得出的,请在相应的答题卡上填“A”;违背了以上材料所表达的意思,请在相应的答题卡上填“B”;是以上材料没有涉及的,请在相应的答题卡上填“C”

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       Oxford University has introduced confidence classes for female students to get them to compete for jobs in future and win chances to work in best companies.

       They may be young and gifted, but research at the excellent institution has found that female undergraduates(大学生)are shying away from applying for jobs in banking, finance, management consultancy(咨询), engineering and resource management. Partly as a result, starting salaries for women when they graduate are on average £2,000 to £3,000 lower than their male counterparts.

    “Women are earning less on leaving Oxford.It is ridiculous,”said Jonathan Black, the careers service director at the university.“We have high quality and high achieving students of both genders.But it appears that women are selecting lower paid jobs. They accept more prejudice in certain industries and are saying 'I won't struggle for that really high paid job'. We are not trying to push loads of women but we are trying to say, you should feel able to apply for these sorts of jobs.Boys seem to have more self­confidence and see the bigger picture generally, even though their self­belief is not necessarily based on any greater academic advantage.”

       The four­day programme at Oxford will help 45 female undergraduates improve their self­confidence and decision­making, think positively and build up their strengths. Confidence training will teach them how to deal with the opposition and challenging situations.

       Successful female employees from RBS and BP, which are supporting the course, will talk about their lives and careers. RBS's involvement follows a promise by the bank to increase its national percentage of female graduate applications from 35 percent to 50 percent by 2014.

       Sophie Kelley, 20, studying law at Oxford, is hoping the course will make her more confident in courses and interviews.“I am applying to London's law firms for vacation schemes and it is so competitive,”she said.“The rejection letters don't give any real feedback(反馈), so I'm expecting the programme might give me a hand and some advice.”

Notes

①institution n.社会公共机构,制度,制定 ②counterpart n.与对方地位、作用相当的人(或物) ③gender n.性别 ④prejudice n.偏见,成见