请你圈一圈，估一估，这堆苹果有____个。

    Are you sick of going to bed late and waking up tired? Then grab your hiking boots and a tent. A new study suggests that camping in the great outdoors for a couple of days can reset your body clock and help you get more sleep.

    The body clock is an internal system that tells our bodies when it's time to go to sleep and when it's time to wake up. Scientists track this clock by measuring the amount of melatonin (褪黑激素) circulating in a person's blood at any given time.

    In a healthy sleeper, melatonin levels rise a few hours before bedtime, stay high through the night, and then settle back down when it's time to wake up.

    In our modern society, however, most of us stay up many hours past sunset and would probably sleep in many hours after sunrise if we could. And the trouble is, your melatonin levels may still be high when your alarm clock goes off in the morning, which leads to fatigue. It may also have other health consequences as well, such as diabetes (糖尿病), overweight and heart disease.

    Professor Kenneth Wright of the University of Colorado in the US wanted to see if our body clocks can be reset by a short stay in nature. His team recruited (招募) fourteen physically active volunteers in their 20s and 30s. Nine went on a weekend camping trip, while the other five stayed home. At the end of the weekend, the researchers reported that in just two days, the campers' body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip. By contrast, the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend.

    “This tells us we can reset our clocks fast,” Wright said.

    Therefore, if you want to change your sleep patterns you could try to increase your exposure to natural light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night. And if that doesn't work，there's always camping.

文字是承载历史的符号，通过“甲骨卜辞”可以了解到(    )

默读父亲

    ①我是父亲最小的儿子。“爹疼满崽”这句话便成了父亲爱的天平向我倾斜时搪塞哥哥姐姐们的托词了。在我十岁那年头上吧，我生病躺在了县城的病床上，我突发奇想让父亲给我买冰棍吃。父亲拗不过我，便只好去了。那时候冬天吃冰棍的人极少，大街上已找不见卖冰棍的人。整个县城只有一家冰厂还卖冰棍，冰厂离医院足足有一华里地，父亲找不到单车，便步行着去。一时半晌，父亲气喘吁吁满头大汗跑回来，一进屋，便忙不迭解开衣襟，从怀里掏出一根融化了一大半的冰棍，塞给我。嘴里却喃喃说道：“怎么会化了呢？见人家卖冰棍的都用棉被裹着的呢！”

    ②初二那年，我的作文得了全省中学生作文竞赛一等奖，这在小镇上可是开天辟地头一遭的事儿。学校为此专门召开了颁奖会，还特地通知父母届时一起荣光荣光。等到去学校参加颁奖会的那天，父亲一大早便张罗开了，还特地找出一件不常穿的中山装上衣给穿上。可当父亲已跨出家门临上路时，任性而虚荣的我却大大地扫了父亲的兴：“爸，有妈跟我去就成了，你就别去了。”父亲充满喜悦的脸一下子凝固了。那表情就像小孩子欢欢喜喜跟着大人去看电影却被拦在了门外一般张惶而又绝望。迎着爸妈投放给我的疑惑的眼神，我好一阵不说话，只是任性地呆在家里不出门。父亲犹疑思忖了片刻，用极尽坦然却终究掩饰不住的有些颤抖的声音说：“爸这就不去了。”父亲已经破译出了我心底的秘密：我是嫌看似木讷、敦厚且瘦黑而显苍老的父亲丢我的人啊！看着父亲颓然地回到屋里，我这才放心和妈妈兴高采烈地去了学校。可是，颁奖大会完毕后，却有一个同学告诉我：你和你妈风风光光坐在讲台上接受校领导颁奖和全校师生钦羡的眼光时，你爸却躲在学校操场一隅的一棵大树下，自始至终注视着这一切呢！顿时，我木然。心里漫上一阵痛楚……

    ③父亲最让我感动的是我十九岁初入大学的那年。刚入大学的时候，寝室里住了四个同学，每个人都有一只袖珍收录机，听听节目学学英语，很让人眼馋。后来，与其说是出于对别人的羡慕，还不如说是为了维护自己的自尊。我走了六十里地回到家，眼泪汪汪地跟父母说，我要一只收录机。父亲听了，一个劲地叹气，母亲则别过头去抹泪。我心一软，两手空空连夜赶回学校。过了一段时间，父亲到学校找到我，将我叫到一片树林里，说：“孩子，你不要和人家攀比，一个人活的是志气。记住，不喝牛奶的孩子也一样长大。”我正掂量父亲这句话，父亲已从怀里掏出一样东西放在我手上。伸开手来，正是一只我心仪已久的袖珍收录机。事后才知道父亲是进城抽了500毫升血给换来的。“不喝牛奶的孩子也一样长大”，就是父亲这句话，让我在以后的日子里一次又一次地找到了做人的自尊，也让我得以活出了一个男人的伟岸。

    ④父亲没能活到六十岁便病逝了。记得父亲临终的时候，他将枯槁的手伸向了我。我将手放在父亲的手心里，父亲极力想握紧我的手，但父亲已经无能为力了。是的，父亲虽然没能扶携和目送着我走更长更远的路，但是，父亲一生积攒的种种力量已经渗透到我的生命中来——我的生命只不过是父亲生命的另一种延续。