青春期的逆反心理，从积极方面看，标志着子女的成长。但其消极作用也不容忽视，主要是（   ）
①恶性发展的结果，必然使父母、子女双方都受到伤害     ②有助于父母更新教育观念，走出家教误区
③妨碍亲情交流，造成心理阴影     ④增强子女的独立性，学会独自决断并对自己的行为负责

（2015·海南）材料一 ***在２０１５年《政府工作报告》中指出： “推动大众创业、万众创新，这既可以扩大就业，增加居民收入，又有利于促进社会纵向流动和公平正义” 。 “个人和企业要勇于创业创新，全社会要厚植创业创新文化” 。
材料二 ２０１３ 年初，重庆工商大学研究生侯姝媛来海南租自行车环岛骑行，经过
调查发现商机，开设骑行驿站。创业初期，资金不足，驿站的设计、装修全靠自己解决；创业两年来，她通过互联网推广驿站、与骑友交流，先后开设了５家自行车驿站，一年“骑”出了百万元。
阅读材料，回答问题：

    Crying marriage? Surprising, isn't it? Actually, the custom of crying marriage____ (exist) a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China's Sichuan Province, and remained in fashion until the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular ____before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people,____ view it as a necessity of the marriage procedure.

    It is very much the same in different____ (place) of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. Otherwise____ bride's neighbors would look down upon her as a ____(poor) educated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases in which the bride ____ (beat) by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.

    In a word, crying at the wedding is a way to set off the____ (happy) of the wadding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the ____ (arrange) marriages of the old days of China9 there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their ____ (disappoint) marriage and even their unhappy life.