题干

1861年俄国农奴制改革以前,工业资本家30%是农奴身份,财产随时可能被地主侵占。这一问题反映的实质是

A:俄国的资本主义经济落后于西方

B:俄国政治制度已不适应资本主义经济的发展

C:俄国资本主义的力量比较弱小

D:俄国农奴的社会地位有所提高

上一题 下一题 0.0难度 选择题 更新时间:2019-06-04 12:41:24

答案(点此获取答案解析)

B

同类题1

阅读下面的文章,完成下列问题。

蚕豆

毕飞宇

      蚕豆主要种植在南方,它不是主食。因为这个缘故,它被种在田埂或河岸一类“边角料”的地方。蚕豆最好的吃法是炒。香极了,嘎嘣脆。唯一的缺点是太硬。可是,孩子们的牙更硬﹣﹣有了金刚钻就不怕瓷器活。不过,我小时候吃炒蚕豆的机会并不多,只是过年的时候操练操练。

      我要写下我和蚕豆的故事,这是我终身不能忘怀的。

      我出生那一年,父母在杨家庄小学做代课教师。他们决定请个人帮着烧午饭,附带着带孩子。奶奶就这样成了我的奶奶。我和她在一起的时间比和父母在一起的时间还多。我五岁,父母工作调动。奶奶没有和我们一起走。

      我十一岁,父母要调到很远的地方工作。临行前,我去了一趟奶奶家。奶奶格外高兴,她的孙子来了,都“这么高了”。那时,奶奶守寡不久,爷爷的遗像挂在墙上,奶奶高高兴兴地对着遗像说了一大通的话。可无论奶奶怎样高兴,我始终能感觉到她身上的重。她的笑容很重,很吃力。奶奶和我谈起了爷爷,她很内疚。她对死亡似乎并不在意:“哪个不死呢?”但奶奶不能原谅自己,她没让爷爷在最后的日子“吃好”。奶奶说:“家里头没得唉。”奶奶让我到锅里铲了一些锅巴,放在了爷爷遗像前﹣﹣这是让我尽孝,我得给爷爷“上饭”。奶奶望着锅巴,笑了,说:“死鬼嚼不动咯。”

      傍晚,奶奶决定让我早点回家。她在犹豫,想。她在想让我带点什么东西走。现在回想起来,她当时真是太难了,穷啊。真的是家徒四壁。奶奶拿过来一根丫杈,从屋梁上取下一个竹篮,里头是蚕豆。奶奶最后的决定是炒蚕豆让我带走。多年后,我知道了那些蚕豆是奶奶预备着第二年做种用的。蚕豆炒好了,她把滚烫的蚕豆盛在簸箕里,簸了好长时间,给蚕豆降温。然后,奶奶高兴地让我把褂子脱下来,把两只袖口给缝上了﹣﹣袖管就成了两个大口袋。奶奶把褂子绕在我的脖子上,口袋像两根柱子,立在了胸前。奶奶的手在我的头发窝里摸了老半天,说:“你走吧乖乖。”

      我第一次拥有这么多的炒蚕豆。你可以想象我这一路走得有多欢﹣﹣我丝毫没有意识到奶奶当时有多艰难!一路走,一路吃,路的一侧是河流,我还可以一路解渴。杨家庄在我的身后远去了,奶奶在我的身后远去了。后来的岁月里,我不停地回想起这个将预示着我和奶奶长久分离的画面。等我到了一定的年纪,我想起一次就难受一次。

      1986年,我在扬州读大学。有一天,接到父亲的来信,说我的姑姑,也就是奶奶唯一的女儿,死了。回到了杨家庄,我已经是个二十二岁的大小伙子了,我已经十一年没有来看望奶奶了。我在许多夜里想起她,但天一亮我又忘了。这些,我想起一次就羞愧一次。我再一次站在奶奶面前,她老人家一眼就把我认出来了。她的个子那么小,却坚持要摸我的头,我弓下腰来她才能如愿,奶奶看上去没有我想象中的那么悲伤,这让我轻松许多了。她只是抱怨了一句:“死丫头她不肯活咯。”

      事实上,奶奶没多久就下世了。她一定承受不住这样的伤痛了。但奶奶就是这样,从来不轻易流露她的伤心与悲痛,尤其在亲人面前﹣﹣我是从另一个可亲的老人那里理解了我的奶奶的。她们时刻愿意承当亲人的痛,但她们永远也不会让自己的亲人分担她们的痛。

      1989年,奶奶的孙女小妹来南京读书了,我去看她。小妹说:“哥,你的头发很软。”我说:“你怎么知道的?”小妹说:“奶奶告诉我的。奶奶时常唠叨你,到死都这样。”

      小妹的这句话让我很受不了。我知道的,我想念奶奶的时候比奶奶想我要少很多。

      但是,我每一次想起奶奶总是从那些蚕豆开始的﹣﹣蚕豆成了我最亲的食物。

(选自《苏北少年“堂吉诃德”》,有删改)

同类题3

阅读理解

    You're not doomed to toss and turn every night. Although you might not be able to control all of the factors that relate to your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple sleep tips.

    No. 1: Stick to a sleep schedule

    Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends, holidays and days off. Being consistent reinforces (加强) your body's sleep-wake cycle and helps promote better sleep at night. If you don't fall asleep within about 15 minutes, get up and do something relaxing. Go back to bed when you're tired.

    No. 2: Pay attention to what you eat and drink

    Don't go to bed either hungry or stuffed. Your discomfort might keep you up. Also limit how much you drink before bed, to prevent disruptive middle-of-the-night trips to the toilet. Nicotine, caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of nicotine and caffeine — which take hours to wear off — can ruin quality sleep.

    No. 3: Create a bedtime ritual

    Do the same things each night to tell your body it's time to wind down. This might include taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book, or listening to light music. Be careful of using the TV or other electronic devices as part of your bedtime ritual. Some research suggests that screen time or other media use before bedtime has impact on sleep.

    No. 4: Get comfortable

    Create a room that's ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs.

    Your mattress and pillow can contribute to better sleep, too. Since the features of good bedding are subjective, choose what feels most comfortable to you. If you have children or pets, set limits on how often they sleep with you — or insist on separate sleeping quarters.

    No. 5: Limit daytime naps

    Long daytime naps can affect nighttime sleep — especially if you're struggling with poor sleep quality at night. If you choose to nap during the day, limit yourself to about 10 to 30 minutes and make it during the mid-afternoon.

If you work nights, you'll need to make an exception to the rules about daytime sleeping. In this case, keep your window coverings closed so that sunlight — which adjusts your internal clock — doesn't interrupt your daytime sleep.

    No. 6: Include physical activity in your daily routine

    Regular physical activity can promote better sleep, helping you to fall asleep faster and to enjoy deeper sleep. Timing is important, though. If you exercise too close to bedtime, you might be too energized to fall asleep. If this seems to be an issue for you, exercise earlier in the day.

    No. 7: Manage stress

    When you have too much to do — and too much to think about — your sleep is likely to suffer. To help restore peace to your life, consider healthy ways to manage stress. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and dividing tasks. Give yourself permission to take a break when you need one. Share a good laugh with an old friend.

    Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night — but if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor. Identifying and treating any underlying causes can help you get the better sleep you deserve.