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    There are 24 solar terms (节气) in China, and the Grain Rain(谷雨) is one of them. It falls on April 19 this year.

    This solar term is called the Grain Rain because it is known for “rain” that helps the grain grow. From its name, we can guess it means a time of more rain. So if you go out in the next two weeks, you may need to bring an umbrella with you.

    But this is a great time for planting crops. If you miss the time for planting during the Grain Rain, you will feel sorry later. So maybe you can try to plant some flowers or vegetables in your garden. When the spring rain falls, farmers begin to grow crops (庄稼). Farmers often say, “Spring rain is as precious (珍贵的) as oil.” It brings farmers hope for a good year ahead.

    There are also many interesting customs during the Grain Rain. In the northern part of China, people like to eat Chinese toon (椿芽) mixed with eggs. The food made during the Grain Rain tastes wonderful and is good for your stomach. In the southern part of China, the tea leaves are picked during the time. They are called Grain Rain tea, which is famous for its freshness and sweet smell.

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法制是人类共有的精神财富,是社会进步的重要标志。阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一     中国法典的缘起与(罗马)查士丁尼法典的组成方式有相同之处……限制《中国法典》之外的出版物的发行(政府除外),罗马亦是如此:两国都各自以公告、律令和诏书等形式立法,还有诸如过继、家庭时产共同占有关系等都有相同之处。

——田涛《西方人眼中的中国法律接触与碰撞》

材料二      新兴地主阶级反对奴隶主贵族垄断法律,坚决要求把成文法律公布出来,以保护他们的私有时产和其他权利。汉丈帝接受贾谊的“孺家‘兴礼乐’,更新秦朝法律,‘刑不上大夫’”的建议。汉律规定,对普通人犯随时逮捕,对有贵族官僚身份的人犯,如需要逮城的,必须先奏请皇帝批准,逮捕后不加刑具,以示宽容。刘邦时,法令规定商人“不得衣丝乘车”,吕后、惠帝时规定“市井子孙不得为官吏”。——据李小兵《中国古代法律制度》整理

材料三      公元前3世纪左右,平民在法律上已取得与贵族平等的地位,开始享有完全的公民权。到公元212年,罗马皇帝卡拉卡拉硕布救令,授予一般臣民以公民权。帝国初期罗马法学家们讲的“平等”,不仅是建立在奴隶制基础上的平等,而且也是建立在罗马奴隶制社会相当发达的私有制和商品交换基础上的平等。古希腊多葛学派进一步提出自然法体现人的理性的观点。古罗马思想家西塞罗和后来的法学家们继承并系统论述、论证自然法学说。

——沈宗灵《略论罗马法的发展及其历史影响》