题干

阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料:魏文侯任用吴起改革军事制度。吴起对士兵进行严格的挑选、训练和考核。考核的标准:身穿三层甲,头戴铁盔,腰佩利剑,操十二石的强弩,带箭五十支,肩扛长矛一杆,背三天干粮,半日能行一百里。凡考核及格者,免去一家徭役,并奖给田宅。吴起还根据士兵的不同特点,对军队采取新的编制,把身强力壮、善于近战的士兵编在一起;把机智灵活、善于爬坡越沟的士兵编在一起;把能吃苦耐劳、善于长途奔袭的士兵编在一起,以便在战争时根据敌军的弱点及地形,交互使用或者相互配合使用这些军队,使每个士兵的优点得到充分的发挥。这套军事制度,后人称为“武卒制”。公元前408年,魏文侯命吴起伐秦。吴起统帅魏军一举攻下秦国洛水以东的五座城池,在那里设立了西河郡。吴起任西河守,使“秦兵不敢东向”。

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根据短文内容,选择正确答案。

B

    Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can’t make us tired. It sounds absurd. But years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (tiredness). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins (毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.

So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired?   

    Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists, J.A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”

    What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated—those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.