“You're leaving again?” asked my daughter as she saw me packing my carry-on.

    More than her words, it was her face that pierced (刺穿) my heart ---I could see how crestfallen she was. 

    “It's only for two nights, “I explained.

    But that didn't matter to her. It was just one more trip after barely being home for five days. I decided in that moment to travel less whenever possible and I managed to avoid flying altogether for most of the summer. As a result, it was a summer full of discoveries. I realized that my kids really were proud of me. In their time away from me they had learned lessons I couldn't have imagined.

    Recently I began traveling a lot again. But this time it was different, mainly due to the fact that I had seen firsthand that my children value strong female role models. They realize that hard work pays off. Being away from them even for a day at a time in many ways had done them a lot of good.

    In particular, being a working mom is teaching my daughter how important it is to be independent and that you can follow your dreams. In many ways, her idea of a professional woman is much more realistic than what I imagined when I was her age. I think that even at nine years old she already knows that for all the success you might achieve, there is a price to pay, whether it's long hours, spending time away from those you love, or simply not having the energy to have fun at times. I know the wishes I would devote all of my time to her, but honestly, even if I didn't work I would rather she learned not to depend on me for everything, She needs to realize that she can fly on her own --- and that isn't possible if I am hovering over her every single second of the day .

    I have also realized that having a career sets a good example for my son. He is not afraid of a strong woman, and has a great respect for them. When he's older, this will help him build healthier relationship.

    Therefore, for all the working moms out there who work long hours, remember to value the positive lessons you might be teaching your kids.

                                                                                                                父子应是忘年交
                                                                                                                            冯骥才
        儿子考上大学时，闲话中提到费用。他忽然说：“从上初中开始，我一直用自己的钱缴学费。”我和妻子都吃了一惊。我们活得又忙碌又糊涂，没想到这种事。
        我问他：“你哪来的钱？”
        “平时的零花钱，还有以前过年的压岁钱，攒的。”
       “你为什么要用自己的钱？”我犹然不解。
        他不语。事后妻子告诉我，他说：“我要像爸爸那样一切都靠自己。”于是我对他肃然起敬，并感到他一下子长大了。那个整天和我踢球、较量、打闹并被我爱抚的捉弄着的男孩儿已然倏忽远去。人长大不是身体的放大，不是唇上出现的软髭和颈下凸起的喉结，而是一种成熟，一种独立人格的出现。但究竟他是怎样不声不响、不落痕迹的渐渐成长，忽然一天这样的叫我惊讶，叫我陌生？是不是我的眼睛太多关注于人生的季节和社会的时令，关注那每一朵嫩苞一节枯枝一块阴影和一片阳光，关注笔尖下每一个细节的真实和每一个词语的准确，因而忽略了日日跟在身边却早已悄悄发生变化的儿子？
       我把这感觉告诉给朋友，朋友们全都笑了，原来在所有的父亲心目中，儿子永远是夹生的。
       对于天下的男人们，做父亲的经历各不一样，但做父亲的感觉却大致相同。这感觉一半来自天性，一半来自传统。
       1976年大地震那夜，我睡地铺。“地动山摇”的一瞬，我本能地一跃，扑向儿子的小床，把他紧紧拥在怀里，任凭双腿全被乱砖乱瓦砸伤。事后我逢人便说自己如何英勇的捍卫了儿子，那份得意，那份神气，那份英雄感，其实是一种自享——享受一种做父亲尽天职的快乐。父亲，天经地义是家庭和子女的保护神。天职就是天性。
         至于来自传统的做父亲的感觉，便是长者的尊严，教导者的身份，居高临下的视角与姿态……每一代人都从长辈那里感受这种父亲的专利，一旦他自己做了父亲就将这种专利原原本本继承下来。
        这是一种“传统感觉”，也是一种“父亲文化”。
        我们就是在这一半天性一半传统中，美滋滋又糊里糊涂的做着父亲。自以为对儿子了如指掌，一切一切，尽收眼底，可是等到儿子一旦长大成人，才惊奇的发现自己竟然对他一无所知。最熟悉的变为最陌生的，最近的站到了最远，对话忽然中断，交流出现阻隔。弄不好还可能会失去他。
        人们把这弄不明白的事情推给“代沟”这个字眼儿，却不清楚每个父亲都会面临重新与儿子相处的问题。
        我想起，我的儿子自小就不把同学领到狭小的家里来玩，怕打扰我写作。我为什么不把这看作是他对我工作的一种理解与尊重？他也没有翻动过我桌上的任何一片写字的纸，我为什么没有看到文学在他心里也同样的神圣？我由此还想到，照看过他的一位老妇人说，他从来没有拉过别人的抽屉，从不对别人的东西产生好奇与艳羡……当我把这些不曾留意的许多细节，与他中学时代就自己缴学费的事情串联一起，我便开始一点点向他走近。
        他早就有一个自己的世界，里边有很多发光的事物。直到今天我才探进头来。
        被理解是一种幸福，理解人也是一种幸福。
        当我看到了他独立的世界和独立的人格，也就有了与他相处的方式。对于一个走向成年的孩子，千万不要再把他当做孩子，而要把他当做一个独立的男人。
        我开始尽量不向他讲道理，哪怕这道理千真万确，我只是把这道理作为一种体会表达出来而已。他呢，也只是在我希望他介入我的事情时，他才介入进来。我们对彼此的世界，不打扰，不闯入，不指手画脚，这才是男人间的做法。我深知他不喜欢用语言张扬情感，崇尚行动本身；他习惯于克制激动，同时把这激动用隐藏的方式保留起来。
         我们的性格刚好相反，我却学会用他这种心领神会的方式与他交流。比方我在书店买书时，常常会挑选几本他喜欢的书，回家后便不吭声的往他桌上一放。他也是为我这样做事。他不喜欢添油加醋地渲染，而把父子之情看得天地一样的必然。如果这需要印证，就去看一看他的眼睛——儿子望着父亲的目光，总是一种彻底的忠诚。所以，我给他翻译的埃里克·奈特那本著名的小说《好狗莱希》写的序文，故意用了这样一个题目：忠诚的价值胜过金子。
        儿子，在孩提时代是一种含意。但长成人后就变了，除去血缘上的父子关系之外，又是朋友，是一个忘年交。而只有真正成为这种互为知己的忘年交，我们才获得圆满的做父子的幸福，才拥有了实实在在又温馨完美的人生。

近代中国的大门被资本主义列强打开，但同时欧风美雨也把世界创造的文明带到中国。根据图片，结合所学知识，谈谈近代中国人在社会生活领域发生的变化。