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一个糖厂用15吨甘蔗制成1.86吨糖,平均每吨甘蔗能制____吨糖(得数保留两位小数)
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    自古以来,哈尼人都是修沟造渠,引高山森林中的泉水来灌溉梯田,水沟开挖量巨大,必须投入大量的人力、物力才能完成,个人或村寨往往不能独立承担。哈尼人就户与户联合或者村与村联合,一起挖沟引水,通过出资的多少和投入人力的多少核定每个村寨、每一户的分水量大小。为了避免发生水纠纷,能够公平、公正、合理地分配水资源,哈尼人发明了分水木刻来进行分配。分水木刻,哈尼语称“欧斗斗”,它是选用板栗树、黑果树等材质坚硬的木料,在木料上刻出底部同样平整但宽窄度不一的凹槽的一根横木。

    尽管在哈尼人分水制发明和形成的时代并没有所谓“技术美”这样的名词出现,但实际上技术美的审美形态已经存在。技术美的内涵首先由技术品表现出来。人们创造任何一个技术品,都是具有实用性的。分水木刻作为分水制度的物质载体,是哈尼人为了对水资源进行合理分配而创造的工具,起到了准确计量各块梯田用水量的作用,可以说是我国最早使用的明渠流量计。分水木刻放置于每个水沟的分叉处,水要分几条沟就在分水木刻上刻几个凹槽,不同宽窄的凹槽决定了每个子水沟所灌溉梯田水量的大小,从而保证了每块梯田都能得到约定的用水量。哈尼人还以长方体为形状标准来制作分水木刻,长方形的设计,比其他形状更能防止水流的溢出,进一步提高了分水的准确性,且用料最省,是实现分水功能的最大化的典型形式。可见,分水木刻作为一种技术品,不仅具备了实用性,还具有了美的形式。

    分水制是指哈尼人经过村与村,户与户集体协商,根据挖沟时投入的人力、物力来确定每块梯田的水流量大小的民间制度。就其本质而言是商定分水木刻上凹槽宽度的一系列民间规约,是体现分水木刻功能的外在表现形式。分水制约定,投入多者,分水木刻凹槽宽,水流大;反之,投入少者,凹槽窄,水流小。为了确保凹槽计量单位的统一和准确,哈尼人还约定以某人的右手掌四指根部宽度为一基准单位,按照之前的协商结果对水流量进行分配,对用不了一个用水单位的,则缩减为一指、二指、三指进行细分,其中排除用小拇指宽度进行计量。照各家权益定制出的划有不同刻度的木刻,安放在各家田块的入水口,随着沟水流动调节了各家各户的用水,这样既公平合理而又有科学性。

    分水制虽然是一种抽象概念,但它与分水木刻有机联系在一起,构成了内容与其外在形象的相互统一,不可避免地以技术美的形态表现出来。分水制度经过了历史的考验,哈尼人代代相传,凝聚的已经不仅仅是生产技术,而是人的情感,对待分水制已经不仅是对实用功能的欣赏,更是对对象存在的审美。在现代农业科技飞速发展的今天,分水制还一直在沿用,它一方面使生产劳动的效率得以提高和完善;另一方面使分水的模式更趋于合理、更具有系统性和易于管理,给哈尼人带来了巨大的好处,符合哈尼人群体共同利益诉求。因此,分水制也渐渐和审美主体使用上的满意联系起来,从而获得了愉悦感和轻松感,构成了技术与审美的有机统一。

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    If Frida Kahlo(1907-1954) is today one of the best-known and most popular figures of 20th-century, Mexican art, it is undoubtedly because of her personality and the originality(独创性)of a body of works. Her work is, above all, the expression of a real life-a tragic and stormy life, one that challenged all conventions. The mere mention of her name excites enthusiasm and admiration, but her work is rarely exhibited, and has not been shown in France for fifteen years. The selection to go on show at the Musee de L'Orangerie includes major works by the artist, with masterpieces from the Museo Dolores Olmedo.

    The life and work of Frida Kahlo cannot be separated from those of her companion Diego Rivera(1886-1957). Together they became figures of legend, and both have a place in the pantheon of 20th-century Mexican artists. Famous for his large wall paintings, Rivera's easel paintings, drawings and prints, which form a large part of his artistic production, are less well-known to the public in Europe. The exhibition aims to trace his artistic career from the early Cubist images, revealing his links with the Paris artists whose works are a key element in the Orangerie collections, to the paintings that established him as the founder of the 20th-century school of Mexican art. His travels throughout Europe influenced his vision and his skills without ever distancing him from his roots, thus confirming his place in history as the founder of the nationalist school.

    The exhibition devoted to the legendary couple Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo presents their works together, as if to confirm the impossibility of their divorce that was in fact finalized(定下来)but reconsidered after just one year apart. It also gives us a better view of their respective artistic worlds, so different and yet so complementary(互补的), through the deep-rooted attachment they shared to their country.