题干

民族的反思,有时是在遭遇到极大的困难中产生的。阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一:由于中国人闭关自守、骄傲自满,三次灾难性的战争使他们受到了巨大的刺激:第一次是1839﹣1842年同英国的战争,第二次是1856﹣1858年同英、法的战争,第三次是1895年同日本的战争。在这些战争中所遭到的耻辱性失败,迫使中国人打开大门,结束他们对西方的屈辱态度,重新评价自己的传统文明。

﹣﹣【美】斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

材料二:日本同他之前的中国一样,这时也被迫遭受西方的入侵。但是它对这一入侵的反应完全不同于中国……由于日本有向伟大的中国文化世界借用某些东西的悠久传统,因而,19世纪在同样地借用西方世界的东西时,发生的冲突较少,痛苦较小。过去,日本以“日本精神,中国知识”为口号,适应了经济挑选的中国文化的某些方面。现在,日本又以“东方道德,西方技艺”为口号,向西方借用了它所盼望的东西。

﹣﹣【美】斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

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    Daniel was born in New Orleans, LA., in 1962, slow to walk and talk, and short. He was the tiniest in his class, but he developed a warm, outgoing nature and was popular with his peers(同龄人). And he became skillful at sports.

    Baseball gave him his earliest challenge. He was an excellent players in Little League. At graduation, the coach named Daniel the team's most valuable player.

    His finest hour, though, came at a school science meeting. He entered an exhibit explaining how the circulatory system works. It was traditional, especially compared to(与…相比)the modern, computerized, blinking-light models entered by other students. My wife, Sara, felt embarrassed for him.

    It turned out that the other kids had made their exhibits. As the judges went on their rounds, they found that these other kids couldn't answer their questions. Daniel answered every one. When the judges awarded the Albert Einstein Plague for the best exhibit, they gave it to him.

    By the time Daniel left for college he stood six feet tall and weighed 170 pounds. He was in superb condition, but he quit baseball for English literature. I was sorry that he would not develop his athletic talent, but proud that he had made such a satisfactory decision.

    One day I told Daniel that the great failing in my life had been that I didn't take a year or two off to travel when I finished college. This is the best way, to my way of thinking, to broaden oneself. Once I had married and begun working, I found that the dream of living in another culture had disappeared. Daniel thought about this. After graduation, he worked as a waiter at college, a bike messenger and a house painter. With the money he earned, he had enough to go to Paris.

    The night before he was to leave, I tossed in bed. I was trying to figure out something to say. Nothing came to mind. Maybe, I thought, it wasn't necessary to say anything.