材料一：

    世界卫生组织定义：一个国家或地区60岁以上的人口比例达到10%，65岁及以上人口比例达到7%以上，即被称为老龄化社会。19世纪后期，欧洲一些发达国家生育率持续下降，老龄化现象在部分国家出现。1851年，法国成为世界上第一个老龄化国家，此后，瑞典、挪威、英国等一批欧洲国家步入老龄化。20世纪70年代，随着生育率的下降以及人口平均寿命的延长，老龄化逐渐向亚洲和美洲的发展中国家扩散，进入21世纪，全球老龄化速度加快。2015年，全球有6.17亿人口年龄在65岁以上；预计到 2020 年，13个国家将成为“超高龄”国，即20%以上的人口超过65岁。到2050年全球将有16亿老年人，届时将有94个国家的老龄化人口占比超过21%，其中有39个国家的老龄化比例达28%以上。

    1982年联合国在维也纳召开第一次老龄问题世界大会，通过了《老龄问题国际行动计划》；1991年联合国大会通过了《联合国老年人原则》；2002年联合国在马德里召开第二次老龄问题世界大会，通过了《老龄化马德里政治宣言》。美国、德国、英国、日本等国政府制定法律法规、政策，积极老龄化观念被纳入各国发展框架。

（摘自《全球老龄化状况及其应对策略》）

材料二：

全面两孩政策下的生育态势，2017—2021年

全面两孩政策使老年人口比例略有下降，而老年人口数量不会有任何差异。到2035年60岁及以上人口比重将会降低0.5个百分点，而到2050年也仅降低1个百分点，全面两孩政策无法缓解我国快速发展的人口老龄化进程。21世界后半叶，中国将处于超稳定和超高的老龄化态势，60岁以上老年人口比重高达40%，65岁及以上人口比重达到35%。从世界经验看，通过生育政策调整以提升生育率进而改变人口结构和老龄化趋势往往很难奏效。应对乃至引领中国的老龄社会，需要在长期发展战略的高度，设计一个综合性的经济、社会、人口政策的框架体系。

（摘自《国际视野下的中国人口老龄化》）

材料三：

    1999年，我国60岁以上人口比例首次超过10%；2015年，我国60岁及以上人口达到2.22亿，占总人口的16.15%成为世界上第一个老年人口突破两亿的国家；预计到2025年，老年人口突破3亿，2033年突破4亿，2053年达到4.87亿，占亚洲老年人口的五分之二，全球的四分之一，我国老年人口规模稳居世界第一。2000年—2005年全球人口老龄化水平从10%提高到22%，同期中国人口老龄化水平从10%提高到34%。中国人口老龄化的的最大的问题就是失能化、高龄化的趋势在不断加剧，2050年，80岁及以上高龄老年人口将达到1亿，占老年人口总量的22.3%，占世界高龄老年人口的四分之一。随着城镇化进程的加快，大量的农村青壮年劳动力流入城市和发达地区，留下来的大多是缺乏劳动能力的老年人，农村老龄化程度高于城镇，不发达地区高于发达地区。与“边富边老”甚至“先富后老”的发达国家相比，我国人口老龄化进程超前经济发展，“未富先老”，面临的风险挑战更加严峻。

    人口老龄化使得我国人口负担比加重，同时也为养老服务业的发展带来巨大机遇。老年人口增多，特别是高龄、患病老年人增多，对养老服务设施的需求也不断扩大，并且提出更多方面的要求。老年人特别是高龄老人身体较弱，有病的相对较多，对卫生资源的需求不断增加。老年人特殊的生理、心理和行为特征，产生了不同于其他人口群体的特殊物质需求和精神需求，这预示着在社会总需求中，老年人需求市场将占据越来越重要的地位。

（摘自《中国人口老龄化问题及应对策略》）

    Reasons Why Physical Education is Important in School

    Are you looking for information about the importance of physical education in schools and why it should be emphasized? Do you want a healthy active lifestyle for your kids? Then this article can help you convince your kids that exercising and participation especially in school PE classes are important.

     It's a link to good health.

     ____ It's only in physical education classrooms that students learn the value of taking care of themselves through proper healthy eating and regular exercise.

    It's preventive measure against diseases.

    ____ Without any forms of diet management and control with the numerous processed foods students intake every day, a student's health can easily be at risk of many diseases. Physical education in schools is a preventive measure to teach students the value of regular exercise.

    ____

    Physical health allows students to function even better in classrooms. A good cardiovascular(心血管的) system developing from regular exercise promotes excellent blood and oxygen circulation. This means more nutrients circulate throughout the body which includes the brain. This circulation produces longer attention time during classes allowing longer concentration and better absorption.

     It builds self-esteem

    Students who are active in physical activities like basketball, volleyball and running are more confident with themselves according to most social school studies.____ In school, the physical education program introduces these sport activities to students allowing them to make choices of which sport areas they want to get involved in.

    ____

    Most physical education programs are holistic. The program allows students to interact together to a common goal, that is, to win and excel physically. It not only brings out the competitive sides of students working with both body and mind but also promotes sportsmanship.

    It promotes a physically active lifestyle.

    The purpose of physical education is to instill（逐渐灌输） in students, at an early age, the value of self-preservation and choosing a lifestyle that is good for both the mind and body.

A. Physical education plays a vital role in students' development and growth.

B. It's a program for muscle strength and fitness.

C. It's probably because of the dedication made to a sport that brings out the best in students.

D. It develops cooperation, teamwork and sportsmanship.

E. The value of physical fitness cannot be overstated too much.

F. It promotes academic learning.

G. Many doctors today agree that obesity is a serious health risk.

2008年4月18日，总投资2200亿元的京沪高速铁路全线开工，它是我国第一条具有世界先进水平的高速铁路，据此结合图回答。

京沪高速铁路经过的自然带依次是温带落叶阔叶林带和亚热带常绿阔叶林带，这体现的地带分异规律是（ ）

    You may be surprised to learn that English gets 30 to 45 percent of its words from French. The reason goes back to the year 1066, when Norman forces invaded（入侵）what is now Britain. The Normans were from northern France and spoke French. During the Norman occupation, French became the language of England's rulers and wealthy class. This lasted for more than 300 years. Other people in England continued to speak English during this period.

    Over time, the two languages combined and shared words. Some researchers believe that about 10,000 French words eventually entered the English language. However, although English took many French words, their meanings have not always stayed the same. Sometimes the differences in meanings can be very important, and lead to funny or strange situations if the words are used in the wrong way.

    Take, for example, the French word college. In English, college can often be used in place of the word university, or sometimes as a school within a university. However, in French, college actually means “middle school”, or the level of schooling for students in grades five or six through eight.

    There are many other similar words in the two languages with completely different meanings. In English, the word chat is a verb which means “to talk casually”; but in French, the word chat is the word for an animal: a cat.

    If an English speaker says someone is jolly, that means they are cheerful or friendly. But in French, jolie means someone is good-looking or pleasant to look at. In any case, both are nice things to say to someone.