Here are some students' schedules.

    Peter gets up at 6：00 am. After that, he brushes his teeth and takes a shower, and then he has breakfast. At 7：30 am. he takes the school bus to school. It takes him about 10 minutes. He gets home at 4：20 p.m. and does his homework at about 4：30 p.m.

    Cindy gets up at 7：00 a. m. Then she brushes her teeth and takes a shower. After a quick breakfast, she goes to school by subway at 7 ：30 a.m. It takes her about twenty minutes. She gets home at about 4：45 p.m.

    Li Yang gets up at 6：45 am. After breakfast, he walks to school from 7：20 am. to 7：40 am. After school he often plays soccer with his friends. He usually does his homework at 7：30 p.m. He doesn't watch TV. He goes to bed at 9：30 p.m.

    Han Mei gets up at 6：15 am. Then she takes a shower. At 7：00 a.m., she has breakfast.After that, she takes a boat to school. It takes her half an hour to get to school. At 4：30 p.m., she gets home. Then she does her homework, has dinner and watches TV. She goes to bed at 9：00 p.m.

材料一 中国文武制度，事事远出西人之上，独火器万不能及……中国欲自强，则莫如学习外国利器……                                                   ——李鸿章
材料二  1898年，康有为向光绪帝建议：“大抵欧美以三百年而造成治体，日本效欧美，以三十年而摹成治体。若以中国之广土众民，近采（采纳）日本……十年而霸图定矣。”但维新变法仅历时103天就失败了。
材料三 ***说：“为什么我们要上井冈山呢？……我们要实现半殖民地半封建国家的资产阶级民主革命的任务，就举起了反帝反封建的大旗。可是这旗帜不许我们在城内插，我们就只好到山顶上去插，永不放下。”在***的领导下，中国最终取得了民主革命的胜利。
（1）根据材料一回答，李鸿章等人的探索被称做什么？他们在前后期的口号有何不同？
（2）结合所学知识，说明戊戌变法的起因。康有为主张效仿的国家是哪一个？揭开维新变法运动序幕的事件是什么？维新变法失败后，甘愿为变法流血牺牲以唤醒国人的“壮士”是谁？
（3）根据材料三并结合所学知识说明***为什么要上井冈山。他找到了一条怎样的新民主主义革命的道路？
（4）以上三则材料体现了什么历史结论？