Teachers in some secondary schools in Britain are worried that their job may become impossible shortly unless something can be done to restore discipline in the classrooms. In the problem schools, mostly in large cities, a small minority of teenage pupils disturb lesson to such an extent that the teacher can no longer teach their classes effectively.

    Some people consider that the permissive (随意) nature of modern society is responsible for such kind of behavior. Small children who are continuously encouraged to express themselves without reservation are naturally unwilling to accept school discipline when they grow older. Furthermore, modern teaching techniques) which appear to stress personal enjoyment at the expense of serious study work, might be teaching the child to put his own interests before his duties to the community in which he lives.

    Perhaps the problem can be solved by improving facilities for the moral guidance of these difficult children or by better cooperation between the schools and the parents—for the parents may be mainly responsible for the bad behavior of their youngsters. Violence at home, violence and crime on TV make some children turn violence themselves.

    But some of the teachers believe that there ought to be a return to more “old fashioned” methods. At present, in some school teachers are even not allowed to punish a child who does something bad and wrong. Physical punishment is not permitted now. People are too soft on children these days. It seems that children can do whatever they like at school while the teachers can't do anything to punish them. I don't know why the schools authority abandoned some of the effective punishments that worked well. Things like that didn't happen when we were at school because the teachers kept those problem students under control by using a stick.

阅读下面短文，完成下列各题。

冬眠动物的秘密武器

韩吉辰

    ①动物的冬眠非常奇妙，人们观察了若干种冬眠的动物，发现了许多意想不到的现象。

    ②加拿大山鼠冬眠长达半年，钻进地穴内将身体蜷缩一团，呼吸几乎停止，脉搏也变得极为微弱，体温下降到仅有5摄氏度，简直像死去一样。松鼠睡得更死，把一只冬眠的松鼠从树洞中挖出，它的头好像折断一样，怎么摇都不会张开眼，用针也刺不醒，只有把它烘热才能动起来。刺猬冬眠的时候，简直连呼吸也停止了。

    ③动物冬眠完全是一项对付不利环境的保护性行动。动物冬眠的原因主要有两个，一是冬季环境温度的降低，天寒地冻需要散发大量的能量；二是冬季极度缺乏食物，动物生存受到威胁。一些动物在长期自然演变中，产生出一种适应性休眠状态，用以抵御冬季的低温。

    ④生物学家发现，冬眠动物体内会发生一系列奇特的生理变化。心脏的跳动特别缓慢，肺的呼吸减慢，一次呼吸最长达10分钟……科学家们还发现，动物冬眠的时间差别很大，一般为3个多月，西伯利亚的旱獭和我国北方的刺猬，一次冬眠达200天，而黑貂却只有20多天的冬眠。

    ⑤虽然人们至今仍在探索冬眠动物调节的机制，还远远没有揭开动物冬眠的深层秘密。不过，对动物冬眠的研究已经取得一些可喜的进展了。

    ⑥科学家做了一个实验，先用人工条件使黄鼠进入冬眠，抽取其血液，注入到其他欢蹦乱跳的黄鼠体中，这些黄鼠也马上进入了冬眠。实验还表明，已连续冬眠几周的动物血液，比刚进入冬眠的动物血液，其诱发冬眠的作用更强烈。科学家利用电脑、示踪原子、电子显微镜等技术发现：冬眠动物血液中存在三种奇异的微小颗粒，简称DADLE物质，都是结构复杂的高分子化合物，它们被称为“冬眠素”，具有诱发动物冬眠的作用。

    ⑦动物的冬眠现象促进了关于“睡眠”的研究。生物学家在研究普通动物的睡眠时做了一个试验：把一只狗或山羊累得筋疲力尽，长时间不让它睡觉，然后抽取一些血液或脑脊髓液，再注入其它的猫、狗体内，仅仅万分之一克，就能使后者沉睡几个小时。利用精密的分析方法，得知组成这种睡眠素的成分是一种胞壁肽，称作“S﹣因子”，其结构与“冬眠素”相似，也是一种高分子化合物。

    ⑧睡眠素不同于安眠药，安眠药的副作用令人担忧，而“睡眠素”是在脑内生成的内源性化合物，对身体没有任何副作用。“睡眠素”可以为无数失眠病人解除痛苦，还为医生找到一种新疗法：手术后给病人注射微量睡眠素，根据需要使病人熟睡几天或十几天，这时睡眠就是最好的镇静药物，病人一觉醒来，伤口已然愈合了。

    ⑨目前，科学家正在加紧研究睡眠素结构，以便找到人工合成的方法，一旦揭开其中的奥秘，意义极其重大。

（节选自《百科知识》2011年第3期，有改动）

    Mr. Black has a big shop in the city center. He tells all his employees (雇员) to be 1 to the buyers and he gets a lot of money.

    One day an old woman went to the shop to buy a silk blouse. When she came 2of the shop with the blouse, she left her wallet in it. A girl3and found there were nearly five hundred dollars in it. She looked around and 4 saw it. She put it into her pocket 5. Soon the old woman came back to look for it, of course she 6 . That evening Mr. Black was told about it. He was very angry and sent the girl away. Then he decided to employ7 honest man to take her place. Several young 8 came, but none of them could satisfy him.

    This morning a young man came into9 office. He asked, “Do you smoke, sir?”

    “No, sir,” answered the young man.

    “Do you drink?”

    “No, sir.”

    Mr. Black asked him the other questions, and the young man's answers satisfied him.10 he employed him, he asked him the last question, “You have no shortcoming(缺点), do you?”

    “No, I don't, sir,” said the young man. “I only like telling lies (撒谎)”.