____

    When I was a junior high school student in 1980, God gave me a gift, it was happiness.

    One weekend, I went to visit my grandparents in the countryside. On my way home a car ran over me and cut off my1because of its high speed.

    Several days later when I woke up at the hospital, I realized I had to spend the rest of my life2arms. How sad I felt at that time! Even I was full of fears.3slowly I knew I had to face the fact and got over it. I couldn't get my arms back even though I4every day.

    However, it's easier to5than to do. It6me nearly half a year to get out of the sadness completely. I got so much from my7story. From then on, I could treat my life with a normal(正常的) mind. But in our daily life, I often see my classmates get8about little things: They get a bad grade on a test; their bus comes9; they don't have a mobile phone but10have, and so on. But I only11life. I was lucky to realize from an accident: It is a waste of our life to focus on（关注）what you have12. We should always think of what we have. So why are so many people unhappy? Someone may say, “My whole life would improve13I have a new car.” But when you get the car and what14? For a whole week you are walking on air. Then you go right back to being unhappy.

    Happiness depends on(取决于) what we have! It's in our heart. It's a state of mind, even though you own the whole world, you may still feel15.Happiness comes from mastering the art of appreciating(感激) and taking pleasure in what you really have.

阅读《文明需要更多省视的目光》一文，完成问题。

      ①近日，几条社会新闻划出U型转弯：女司机被逼停遭暴打，行车记录仪却显示，两车早有并线、别车的几度斗气交锋；导游对没有消费的游客破口大骂，却有人指出这本来就是只要一元钱的旅游消费团；武侯祠石碑遭人刻字，网友人肉出的电话，却让同名者无辜“躺枪”、不堪其扰。

      ②面对这样复杂的现实舆论环境，大家都有基本的文明观，对错的边界不会模糊，一些根本性的判断不会出错：不管有理没理，打人不仅是文明问题，更是法律问题；不管多么难，做好服务都是导游的本分，骂人有悖基本的职业道德和社会伦理；而从埃及的卢克索神庙到故宫的大水缸，“到此一游”的方块字确实是文明的污点。有了这样的共识、守住这样的底线，文明才算是迈出了小小的第一步。

      ③不过，现实也绝不是非黑即白的文明判断题。暴打司机的视频足以激发很多人的义愤，但看了双方此前你争我抢的斗气，不少人也转变看法表示无法同情女司机。骂人的导游确实让人全无好感，但“一元团”的背景，也让人感叹游客是得了便宜还卖乖。刻字激发文明耻感，但人肉搜索、电话骚扰却也走到了另一个不文明的极端。新闻本身可能只是冰山一角，如果只是看到结尾就匆忙下结论、做断语，难免会失之偏颇，进而产生道德迷失。

      ④上世纪七十年代，电影艺术领域曾出现“道德焦虑派”，以影像探讨人可能面临的道德悖论。上面这几起事件，就颇有道德悖论的意味，却也足以激发更多关于文明的思考。从支持一方，到诘问双方；从看到结果，到关注原因；从草率行动，到反思后果……这样的递进一层，或许也正是文明更进一步的开始。

      ⑤部分舆论的反转带来这样的启示：我们在追寻社会文明时需要更多省视的目光。

      ⑥如果不幸成为当事人，可以更多反躬自省，掐断不断恶化的因果链条。有人曾提出“踢猫效应”：父亲被老板批评，回家骂孩子；孩子心里窝火，去踹路边的猫；猫逃到街上，司机避让时撞伤了路过的老板。放在“女司机被打事件”中，如果双方都能冷静下来，换位思考，或许就能打破“坏情绪传导闭环”，让事情向着不同方向演变了。

      ⑦而对于更多围观议论的人，或许也可以多看一面、深想一点。不管你是开车还是走路，是游客还是导游，不用急着站队，更不用忙着挥舞“道德棒”、当起“键盘侠”。“老吾老，以及人之老；幼吾幼，以及人之幼。”中华文化中推己及人的道德观念，也正是从自我审视开始的。有了同理心，才能更深刻地体会他人的处境、分析事件的背景、思考道德的要求，也才能在现实语境中理解一种生活化的德行、一种可感可触的文明。

      ⑧“惟有头顶的星空与心中的道德律令，才让人越沉思而越敬畏”，这是康德被广为引用的名言，其中所谓“沉思”，绝不仅仅是重视，而是一种更深沉的审视与反省。惟有如此，才能让道德成为责任、文明成为习惯，才能让我们处身其中的社会真正走向和谐。

                                                                                                                                                       （选自《人民日报》，有改动）