题干

航空母舰“辽宁舰”将进行一次编队配置科学实验,要求 艘攻击型核潜艇一前一后, 艘驱逐舰和 艘护卫舰分列左、右,同侧不能都是同种舰艇,则舰艇分配方案的方法数为____.(用数字作答)
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同类题1

任务型阅读

    Sometimes we can get so caught up in the stress and worry of our personal lives that our minds become too confused to operate effectively.This is especially dangerous in a test-taking situation.After hours of reading and studying,our brains can lock up in a state of overload.

    In a stressful situation it's often a must to clear your mind completely to allow your brain to refresh itself and recalibrate all of its functions.But when you're tense,clearing your mind isn't so easy!Try this relaxation technique if you think your brain has seized up from information overload.

    ⒈Set aside at least five minutes for quiet "clearing" time.If you're at school,see if you can put your head down somewhere or find an empty room or quiet space.If necessary,set a watch (or phone) alarm or ask a friend to tap you on the shoulder at a designated time.

    ⒉Think of a time or place that puts you into a complete state of peace.This place will vary from person to person.Have you ever sat on the beach watching the waves come in and realized you've "zoned out" fora while?This is the sort of experience you're looking for.Other experiences that make us zone out could be: Sitting in the dark and staring at Christmas tree lights—remember how peaceful that feels?

    ⒊Cover your eyes and go to your "place".If you are at school preparing for a test before class,you may simply rest your elbows on the desk and put your hands over your eyes.For some people,it may not be a good idea to put your head down.(You might fall asleep!)

    Don't let any thoughts creep into your head.As soon as you start to think about a test problem,clear away the thought and concentrate on your peaceful place.

    ⒋Snap out of it!Remember,this is not nap time.The point here is to refresh your brain.After five or ten minutes of clearing time,take a brisk walk or take a drink of water to re-energize your mind and body.Stay relaxed and resist the urge to think about the things that are stressing you out or clogging your brain.Don't let your brain go back to freeze-out.

    Now go on with your test or study session refreshed and ready!

Title: How to clear your mind to stay relaxed?

Present situation

●We are stuck in stress and worried about our personal lives,stopping our brains working____.

●If you feel stressed,it's often____to clear your mind to leave your brain refreshed.

____to clearing your mind

⒈Set aside at least five minutes for quiet "clearing" time.

●When at school,see if you can put your head down somewhere or stay in a quiet space.

●If necessary,set a watch (or phone) alarm or ask a friend to tap you on the shoulder at a designated time.

⒉Think of a time or place allowing you to feel completely____.

●This place will vary from person to person.

____your eyes and go to your "place".

●When making____for a test at school,you could cover your eyes with your hands to have a rest.

●If you put your head down,you will fall____.

●Make sure not to be____by any thoughts and concentrate on your place.

⒋Snap out of it!

●Clearing time does not____nap time.

●Stay relaxed and avoid the things that made you stressed out.

Conclusion

It's time you____your test or study session refreshed and ready!

同类题4

阅读下面的文字,完成下列小题。

汉语言文字的人本精神

    就文化特质而论,中国古代语言文字的一个鲜明特色就是在其产生和发展的历程中逐渐形成了浓厚的人本主义精神。

    汉语言文字的这种人本精神从仓颉造字的传说中就可见一斑。《淮南子》说:“昔者仓颉作书而天雨粟,鬼夜哭。”在古人看来,文字的发明这一伟大创造足以使鬼神哭泣。因此,文字自诞生之日起就具有神圣性。古代先人们用它来祝福,诅咒,甚至相信人的名字跟人身祸福相连,所以名字要避讳,要讲吉利。这种对文字的敬重是人们对自身创造力的肯定和喜悦,表现出人能够战胜外部未知世界的信心。正因如此,我们的古人没有让神居文字创制之功,而是由仓颉这样一位史官来完成文字的创制。汉字在它后来的发展、丰富中都是按照人的观察、需要而形成的。汉字造字近取诸身,远比诸物。从人自身身体取材,从人接触到、体验到的自然形体、动物、植物取材,从人使用的工具包括生活器具和武器取材,这就是汉字形旁的主要来源。因此,我们才说汉字具有反映先人生活和社会构造的独特人文价值。

    譬如“人”字,甲骨文写作“ ”,像一个侧立的人形。它笔画简单,却反映出古人对人的存在的观察是准确和细致的,同时也充分显示出古人自我认识的能力,而我们则通过“人”字看到远古先民意识中浓郁的人本主义精神。《说文解字》云:“人,天地之性最贵者也。”欧洲文艺复兴时代哈姆莱特也这样讴歌人类“宇宙之精华,万物之灵长”。欧洲人通过文艺复兴奠定了人的主体地位,而我们汉民族却在它的文明伊始——文字诞生之初就确立了人在万物中至高无上的地位。

    “仁”字,从人从二,是针对群际关系而言的,反映了古人对人的本性的认识。《礼记》《释名》等说:“仁者,人也”,“人,仁也”。二者互释现象表明我们的先人认为群际亲密的关系是人的本性。正是从此意义上,他们才热情讴歌人是天地间最尊贵最有灵性的动物,呈谦逊侧立的人形才会成为“人”的代符,并出现顺从为“从”,反从为“比”的字符。这样就从人的内在本性到外在的行为规范之间的必然关系中建构起了“仁”的道德框架,体现了中国古代旨在建立温情脉脉、相处和睦的群际关系的道德理想。

    中国古代文化属于以求善为目的的伦理型文化。譬如“善”字取意羊和悦的叫声,以类比仁人之善言。而好群居的羊又被视为有仁、义、礼之德。“群”字从羊君声,君又兼表意义,即作为人伦之英杰的君子应该像羊那样相处和睦。由羊、羊声、羊群到人群,到合乎仁、善礼仪的群体,其间融通着丰富的文化学意义。

    同时,“羊在六畜主给膳”,是难得的美食。“美”字从羊,表明它首先起源于对食的某种感受性。《广雅》中把“腆”、“甘”、“旨”等关于食味的词语同列于“美”的条下,表明我们先人曾有一种以人的享乐本能为标准的审美心态,它意味着对官能性享受的积极肯定,对现实人生的充实追求和独特的领悟,蕴涵着中国人所特有的实用理性精神。

    肯定人的价值,肯定现实生活,主张幸福在人间是近代西方文艺复兴时代人文主义思想的出发点。但这种人文性在我国古代的汉语言文字中就已明显凸现。当西方民族汲汲于向外探索,以征服世界、改造世界为获得自由的途径时,中国人则向内探求,以认识自身、完善自身为获得自由的途径。这种内向型文化所显示出的独特的人文性往往是西方的科学传统眼光很难理解,也很难企及的。

(摘编自《中国传统文化概论》)