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    A ten-year-old boy from Howell, Michigan America is being hailed (赞扬…为) a hero due to his persistence (坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor. The chain of events unfolded late in the evening on Sunday, January 26th, 2014 when Danny Dipietro was being driven home from hockey practice by his dad.

    That's when the young boy noticed an open garage and a figure that he believed was a dog outside an apartment near his house. Given the extremely cold weather, the young boy got a feeling that something was not right. But instead of dismissing (不予理会) it like most kids at his age would have, he insisted that his mother, Dawn, go to examine what was going on. Dawn tried to convince (使相信) Danny that no one would leave a dog out in such cold weather, but he refused to take no for an answer.

    Dawn finally gave in and decided to take a walk to the area with the family dog and see if there was any truth to Danny's premonition (预感). Sure enough, as she got closer to the apartment she noticed a garage that was wide open and a bent figure, waving madly. Upon getting there, she realized that it was not a dog that the young boy had seen, but Kathleen St. Onge, one of her neighbors. The 80-year-old had slipped on some ice in her garage and had been lying there for two hours, unable to get up.

    Dawn rushed home to get her husband for help and called 911. The two then returned with some blankets to cover Ms. St. Onge, while they waited for the ambulance to arrive. Though still in hospital, the elderly woman is recovering well and grateful to Danny for his premonition.

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守住传统文化的精气神

    人们说,老物件儿是有灵气的。因为手艺人把双手的温度、沉淀的时间、行事的规矩,统统给了它们。然而,现在不少“手工艺品”,经过流水线加工、规模化生产、简单性复制,看起来东西还是那个东西,作用还是那个作用,却很难承载起“很家乡”“很传 统”“很中国”的那股子精气神了。

    前不久在湖北仙桃举办的“中国民间文化艺术之乡”剪纸交流研讨会上,剪纸艺人、专家学者表达了自己的担忧:“一把刻刀十年功”的技艺正被机器扰乱节奏;对生活的琢磨正在被投机取巧的速成法挑战;对好材料的坚守正在被新工艺猛烈冲击;“北方重浑厚、粗犷,南方尚灵秀、精美”的异彩纷呈也正在被渐渐同化。

    诚然,文化产品既然走入了市场经济大潮,就必然逃不开市场规律的制约,生产效率、材料革命是大势所趋。但是,工业化和商业化并不意味着粗制滥造,更不意味着放弃对艺术品质的坚守。

    今年91岁的工艺美术师陈由明,曾创作了驰名中外的沔阳雕花剪纸《八仙图》,60多年来,他一直创作不息、佳作频出。谈到创作诀窍,陈老说:“我要搞出一个作品,就是吃饭也在想,睡觉也在思考。现在的好多东西,功夫不到,火候差得远呐。只想着赚钱,没有心心念念、反复推敲,哪里出得来好作品呢?”

    的确,一味追求生产速度和经济效益,必然伤害到以传统手工艺为代表的非物质文化遗产及传统文化样式的传承和发展。试想,如若数千年文明沉淀下来的传统审美和文化追求遭到蚕食,历史将会何等唏嘘嗟叹?

    话说回来,坚守古法、传承古意并不意味着泥古不化,而是在保留传统底色、坚持文化特色的同时,顺应历史规律、结合新的生活方式,对传统文化进行创造性的转化和创新性发展,从而将经济效益和文化价值统一起来。比如,20世纪50年代,陈由明整理创作的剪纸《八仙图》风靡欧洲,出口近5万套。而现在非遗传承人的作品,愈发成为市场上的香饽饽。又比如,从天津泥人张彩色泥塑、杨柳青年画、河北蔚县剪纸等传统文化中获取创作灵感和素材,赋予了“中国梦·梦系列”公益广告更强的生命力和吸引力。再比如,北京国际设计周、北京创客盛会,都将目光瞄准非遗来挖掘素材和灵感,为“科技+”在传统文化中寻找创新源泉。

    祛除浮躁、回归本原的传承和创新须多措并举。应当加大宣传普及,让生活于其中的人了解、体验、欣赏自己的文化,养成文化自觉、文化自信;在此基础上,鼓励基于本土文化的创意,让更多的人知晓它的价值。同时,还应合理融入时代元素,不割裂传统与现代的精神纽带,让传统文化焕发现代光芒,以文化品质赢得市场青睐。

《人民日报》(2015年11月05日17版)