题干

请认真阅读下列短文,然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D选项四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    What do you think about mistakes? Maybe you say no one likes making mistakes. But mistakes lead to growth.

    Converge Magazine recently published articles about mistakes students should make. It suggests students need to live a balanced life, even in the college environment.

    According to the topic of the article, there are four mistakes students should make. The mistakes include:

    Think they pick the wrong major (专业)

    A student should explore any possibility that interests him, and future careers might just be around the corner. Remember, if you don't know what to do, it's OK!

    Think their teachers know everything

    Students may think of their teachers as gods who know everything, but that really is not the case. Students should know teachers are the ones who can help us understand better. Students can research answers on their own and get their own opinions instead of having their teachers tell them the answers.

    Think they get too involved

    Getting good grades is very important, but it's only a part of the life. Joining clubs and learning about social situations are all good for teenagers' growth. It will not only make the students more knowledgeable but also create interest in their education.

    Think taking a day off is a waste of time

    Now, students are under too much pressure. It's necessary for them to relax now and then. But they always keep in mind how that might influence their schoolwork. Take a day off to relax, and you may get an energetic student the next day. Just don't do it too often.

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阅读材料,回答问题

材料一:明代中叶以后,市民阶层人员变得庞大复杂起来,它包括了商人、店员、贩夫、手工业者、游民、士卒、下级官吏、下层文人等各色人物。随着城市人口剧增,千户以上的市镇比比皆是。总之,明中叶以后的市民阶层无论在人数上、区域分布上都远远胜于宋代;而市民人数的增多是市民力量壮大、登上社会舞台的前提。加上随着商品经济的不断发展和城市的日益繁荣,工商业者已日益成为一支不可缺少的社会力量,影响着社会的经济、政治和文化生活。于是市民阶层开始由社会的边缘走向社会的中心。

——摘编自王言锋《中国十六----十八世纪社会心理变迁与白话短篇小说之兴衰》

材料二:近代中国在1905年以前,社会领导阶层为得有功名的士绅阶层。但到1905年以后,由于科举废除,旧士绅的地位渐为士绅取代。在1860---1916年,社会领导阶层不仅来自新旧士绅,也来自新知识分子。新知识分子的人数,大约为士绅的十倍。在1905年以前,社会领导阶层来自新知识分子者极少,但其地位不断上升。到1912年民国建立以后,新知识分子逐渐取代了士绅而为社会的领导阶层。社会领导阶层除士绅、新知识分子外,还有富商。当时中国有四种商人,一种是普通商人,一种是盐商,一种是行商,一种是买办商人。近代以来受西方工商文化的影响,提倡商战,鼓励商人与外商从事竞争。商人的社会地位提高,政治地位也提高了。

——摘编自张玉法《近代中国社会变迁(1860-1916)》