阅读下面的文字，完成文后各小题。

“宫斗剧”的文化本质

    顾名思义，“宫斗剧”中几乎所有的故事都发生在与世隔绝的后宫中，“斗”是其核心情节和叙事重心。而在这个尔虞我诈的战场上厮杀的，是一群原本娇弱的贵族女性。她们拼死争斗的目标只有一个：皇帝的雨露和恩宠。在这些后宫女子的人生中，只要是为了争宠和恩荣，一切手段与权谋都被认为是合理的。故事中的所有人物都表现出对这种价值观的绝对认同，没有质疑和反叛，没有对与错、善与恶的区分，所异者只有手段的高下与计谋的成败，以及由此带来的命运的迥然分野。但即便如此，这些智计百出的女子在强大的男权和君权面前，仍然是不堪一击的。她们的得势与失宠，都在皇帝的一念之间。尊贵如皇后、贵妃，渺小如宫女，都不过是帝王手中的一颗棋子。身处其中的女性，因而对自身的险恶处境有着强烈的危机意识和高度的敏感，种种拿不上台面的阴狠伎俩，正是她们在“斗争”中寻找到的应对之策。换句话说，她们不过是在重演“以恶制恶”的套路。

    从本质上看，“宫斗剧”属于娱乐至上的“戏说历史”，虽然不承担再现真实的任务，但也存在着如何选择和利用历史资源的问题。换句话说，电视剧想象力的匮乏和创作水准的低下，只是宫斗题材重复出现的表面原因，更为深层和隐藏的因素，则与我们面对历史的态度密切相关。事实上，“宫斗剧”不过是类型剧的一种。在“宫斗剧”盛行之前，宫廷题材历史剧主要表现为两种类型。以《雍正王朝》、《康熙王朝》、《汉武大帝》为代表的“帝王系列”，着力展示当权者称霸天下的雄心和治理江山的艰难，重在塑造开疆拓土、守业有成的明君和廉政清明、以民为先的能臣，与主流意识形态重塑国家和民族认同感的精神吁求一脉相承。而以《康熙微服私访记》、《铁齿铜牙纪晓岚》为代表的“戏说系列”，则延续了古已有之的“明君清官侠客梦”的叙事模式，其中隐含着强烈的现实针对性和批判性。即便是备受争议的《还珠格格》，也不乏追求自由、蔑视权贵的动机与心理诉求。

    就其审美接受效应的本质看，“宫斗剧”中所呈现的文化心态和价值观念，暗合了当今社会成功至上、唯金钱论、男性中心等潜在的社会心理。例如，商业社会中越来越强大的男性话语权，就有意无意地鼓励女性学习后宫嫔妃的“隐忍”与“奉献”，促使她们按照男性的意愿，而不是女性的独立意识来塑造自己。而后妃娘娘们施展各种手段去争宠，则与当下社会中复杂的男女关系颇为相似，甚至其“高明”的手段可资借鉴。至于那些人情算计和权利博弈，又有和所谓职场政治对号入座的可能。无论是情场还是职场，古代的后宫纷争一旦和这些现实情境挂钩，一系列“宫斗”作品，也就顺理成章地转变为白领女性的“心灵鸡汤”和人生教科书了。

（节选自《人民日报》）

一定空间范围内，与____ 所形成的统一整体称为生态系统，生物圈包括____ 的底部、____ 的大部、____ 的表面．

    In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what “keeping up with the Joneses” is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.

    The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.

    It was like a race, but one could never finish his race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.

    Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States. “Keeping up with the Joneses” came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand's series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.

    People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.

小丽衣柜里存放着春、夏、秋、冬四季服装，她最有可能生活在（　　）