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【20世纪的战争与和平】阅读材料,回答问题

材料:日本投降后不久,美国军队以“盟军”的名义占领了日本,从1948年起,中国局势发生重大变化.美国决定改变对日政策,加紧策划缔结对日和约,扶植日本。1949年,印度拒绝了华盛顿关于进行印美长久合作的建议,美国进一步修改其远东政策。新中国的建立和朝鲜战争的爆发,大大加剧了美苏两大阵营之间的对立和冲突。美国加紧在亚太地区建立军事体系。1950年10月,美国签订军事援助协定。1951年8月,美菲签订《共同防御条约》。9月,美国同澳大利亚、新西兰签订《太平洋安全保障条约》;同日本签订《日美安全保障条约》,1953年和1954年先后与李承晚和蒋介石集团签署“东北亚防御联盟”。此外,美国积极策划在东南亚和中东地区组成军事集团。1955年9月,成立了“东南业集体防御条约组织”,并特意强调“武装进攻”的含义仅适用于“共产党侵略”。11月,在美国策划和支持下你,伊朗、伊拉克和土耳其等国组成了巴格达条约的组织。

——摘编自吴于廑、齐世荣主编《世界史·现代史编》

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    Mary Krupa became friends with the grey squirrels during her first week at Penn State,after spotting them running around and idly(漫不经地)wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads.Today, everyone at the university knows her as the "Squirrel Girl".

    Mary started bringing them food,and gradually they began to trust her.She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture.Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift up their spirits,she started posting similar Photos on Facebook.The response Was greatly positive,and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation.

    Growing up in a neighborhood outside State College,Mary was always fond of birds and animals around her home,but she didn't interact with people very much.She was later diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome,but the squirrels changed that.The squirrels are actually a good way to break the ice,because I'll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and well just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them,"she said."I am a lot more outgoing.

    And in case you're wondering how Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos,it has a lot to do with food.For example,whenever she wants them to hold or play with something,she puts peanut butter on the prop(道具),and they'll grab it.But getting to that part took a while.In the beginning,she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them,but they hesitated to approach her.She had the patience to earn their trust,though.

    This year,Mary is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences.She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment.As for her furry friends,Mary plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.