阅读表达。阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

    Mr. King was the owner of a large company. One day, he went into his office early in the morning to get ready to go to the airport and left for another city.

    He was leaving his office when Bill, a night watchman, came in. Bill just came off work(下班). After saying "Good morning" to Mr. King, Bill told the owner about his bad dream. Last night he dreamed Mr. King's plane crashed after it took off. Mr. King was surprised to hear this. He decided to go by train.

    Bill's dream came true. That morning the plane really crashed just after it took off. Later Mr. King returned to his office and heard the accident. To express (表达) his thanks, Mr. King gave Bill $5,000. He also gave Bill a letter. Mr. King told Bill that a man like him should be sent away. Bill was surprised and asked, "Why?" Mr. King said, "Go home and read the letter, and you will know why."

    Bill went home and opened the letter in a hurry. After he read it, he became sad. In the letter there was only one sentence — "A night watchman can't sleep on his duty(值班), but you did."

(Answer the following questions with no more than 6 words.)

观察图，回答问题

阅读下列材料，回答问题。（8分）
材料一、1916年2-7月，德军向法国不断发起猛烈进攻，一排排重型炮弹落在法国阵地上，屯时硝烟弥漫、气浪冲天。德军炮火摧毁了战壕，烧光了森林，消平了山头……此战役造成双方共70多万人的伤亡。
材料二、1944年，美、英等反法西斯盟军向德军发动了猛烈攻击。盟军很快突破了德军的顽强抵抗，登上了欧洲大陆，一个个被法西斯占领的欧洲国家得到了解放。
村料三、美苏关系一直是世界大国关系中最重要的关系之一，他们曾经一度成为同仇敌忾的盟者，当把敌人打败后，他们却又变成了势均力敌的仇者。美洲的古巴、亚洲的阿富汗都留下了他们争霸的痕迹。
请回答：
（1）材料一描述的是哪次战役？一战后，协约国与德国签订了《凡尔赛和约》，规定其海外殖民地中的中国山东权益由哪个国家继承？
（2）材料二中描述的是二战中的哪场战役？标志二战规模进一步扩大的事件是什么？哪场战役成为二战的转折点？
（3）材料三叙述的美苏同仇敌忾成为盟者的标志是什么？他们变成势均力敌的仇者的标志是什么？当今世界，霸权主义仍然存在，对此你有什么看法？