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半导体制冷

半导体材料有P型半导体和N型半导体两种,除了可以用于各种电子元器件外,还可以用作制冷材料.如图是一个半导体制冷单元的原理图,P型半导体和N型半导体的上端和铜片A连接,下端分别与铜片B连接后接到直流电源的两端,此时电路的电路流方向是从N型半导体铜片A流向P型半导体,铜片A会从空气吸收热量,铜片B会向空气放出热量;反之,改变直流电源的正负极方向,使电流方向从P型半导体铜片A流向N型半导体,这时铜片A会向空气释放热量,铜片B会从空气吸收热量.由于半个制冷单元制冷量小,为了满足实际需要,需要多个制冷单元同时工作.

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