____ 个

材料一：明朝初年，曾与朱元璋争夺政权的张士诚、方国珍之余部，入海为盗，且“每诱岛倭入掠”。《皇明祖训》记朱元璋认为，日本、安南（今越南）、暹罗（今泰国）等15国，“限山隔水，僻在一隅，得其地不足以供给，得其民不足以使令”，朝廷“禁频海民不得私出海”“禁海民私通海外诸国”。

——摘编自李金明《明代海外贸易史》

材料二：实行海禁，滨海人民被“断其生路”、“于是所在连结为乱，清髮以出”。嘉靖年间（1522——1566年），东南沿海一带出现颇有实力的海寇、海商集团，走私贸易兴盛，“海禁愈产，贼伙愈盛”。有识之士认识到“市通则寇转而为商，市禁则商转而为寇”。

隆庆年间（1567——1572年），因福建巡抚涂泽民之请，明廷“准贩东西二洋”，福建漳州月港兴起，“农贾杂半，走洋如适市”“闲人以其地近，且饶富”。商贩或移居于吕宋（今菲律宾）者甚众。学者估计，隆庆开禁后输入中国的白银至少1亿两左右，促成了税收等政策的改变。

——摘编自晁中辰《明代海禁与海外贸易》

    Polly Cooper is a mom of two girls named Debbie and Milly. Here is what she says about them.

    "Debbie and Milly are so 1 . Debbie is a shy girl. She enjoys doing things by 2 and doesn't like to talk and play with others. Also, she is more selfish (自私的) than Milly. It is 3 to ask her to share her things with others. But Debbie has her good points, too. Schoolwork is easier  4 Debbie, so her exam results are better. She is also good at 5 and wants to be a dancer in the. future (未来).

    "Milly has bigger problems with her schoolwork. She doesn't like studying and doesn't 6 enough time on it, so her exam results are usually worse. However, Milly is much more outgoing than Debbie. Maybe 7 Milly is two years older than Debbie, she is a little more mature(成熟的).

    "I worry about Milly because she isn't sure about her future. She doesn't know what she 8 to do when she leaves school. But I'm 9 worried about Debbie because she isn't as happy as Milly. I don't think parents ever stop worrying about their kids and I'll 10 them both when they leave home."