题干

   Nature has its own way of balancing itself out,but when we humans get involved,we tend to throw things out of control. Forests and oceans are natural carbon sinks that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, but since we’ve been pumping too much into the air, those sinks can’t keep up. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for the Advancement of Science in Germany, led by biologist Tobias Erb,have figured out a way to supercharge plants to make them better at absorbing carbon dioxide, which could be a key defense against climate change.

Erb and his team figured out a way to make plants more efficient(效率高的)at absorbing carbon, so that they consumed more carbon in a shorter amount of time. “If you think about plants, they are efficient carbon dioxide -fixing filters, but they are not fast,” Erb said. “I think there is a chance to improve existing biology with synthetic(人造的)biology.”

Erb’s team identified 17 enzymes(酶)from nine different organisms, re-engineering three of them, which had enlarged carbon consumption. When those enzymes worked together as a team, they worked better at not only plants’ natural enzymes, but also themselves individually.

Existing enzymes in plants consume about 5 to 10 molecules(分子)of carbon dioxide per second. The team of enzymes that Erb used consumed 80 molecules per second.

So far, these enzymes have only been tested in test tubes in the lab, but the next step is real world testing where the enzymes would be introduced into plants to see if the same result occurs. If those tests show that plants really can be supercharged, we will have a new tool in the fight against climate change where not only do we protect the amazing carbon-absorbing forests we have, but we also apply these super plants or an artificial leaf technology using the enzymes into other fields.

【小题1】Why can't forests and oceans balance nature nowadays?
A.Oceans and forests are getting smaller.
B.We human beings give off too much carbon dioxide.
C.A large number of forests are cut down.
D.There are too many creatures in the world.
【小题2】Which is the key defense against climate change according to Erb and his team?
A.To increase the plants' ability and efficiency to absorb carbon dioxide.
B.To make oceans and forests absorb more carbon dioxide quickly.
C.To reduce humans' activities giving off too much carbon dioxide.
D.To increase the number of plants in the world.
【小题3】What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A.The enzymes have proved useful in the real world.
B.Erb’s team are confident about the technology.
C.The enzymes only work in the lab.
D.The technology may have a bright future.
【小题4】This passage is intended to ____.
A.introduce a possible way to better plants’ ability to absorb carbon dioxide
B.call on people to pay more attention to the balance of nature
C.analyze the cause and result of climate change related to plants
D.explore the possibility of using plants to fight against climate change
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同类题1

   Virtual reality is no longer a concept of the future. 3-D technology can now change a desktop computer into an interactiveworld of adventure, fashion, fun and entertainment.

Using the Internet as an entry platform, the new technology is blurring the lines between the real and virtual worlds.

In contrast to a traditional two-dimensional(二维的)interface, the 3-D environment provides a very large and highly social world, enabling access to people and places that would be impossible in the real world.

Through the use of avatars(虚拟替身), a virtual replica of yourself, or whoever you want to be, life can take on new dimensions in cyberspace.

Shopping online is not such a new world to most people, but the 3-D experience is completely different. Via avatars, shoppers can pick up, try on and test out products in virtual shopping centres. The avatar, set with real-life measurements, can try on a new pair of jeans, get a trendy haircut and see if certain accessories suit.

Avatars can also join with like-minded people as they travel, take on adventures and socialize.

From a businessman’s point of view, interactive 3-D experiences allow him to exactly judge consumer demand via instant feedback and requests.

Buying property and taking a holiday in the real world also presents great virtual opportunities. Before buying a home, renting an apartment or booking a hotel, you can walk through a digital version of the property, making sure that it meets all your needs.

For people short of time and money in the real world, virtual tourism allows adventures in a virtual dimension. A virtual tourist can step inside the Louvre, trek into the Sahara, or go bungee jumping in New Zealand.

“3-D technology will influence many aspects of human life in that we can entertain ourselves from similar cyber games and experience exciting 3-D tourism,” explained Martin Tong, marketing director of The 1st Virtual Business and professional creator of a vitual world.

“Our understanding of the virtual world is to give customers a strong interactive experience; it is not only a game, but also life itself,” he added.

The new way of traveling will not necessarily meet everyone's satisfaction. Dong Lifen, an engineer in China Unicom commented that while the virtual world gives the freedom of traveling to popular destinations, it is not the same as the real thing.

【小题1】What’s the passage mainly about?
A.The concept of 3-D technology.
B.Various uses of 3-D technology.
C.The future of 3-D technology.
D.Different views on 3-D technology.
【小题2】The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means “______”.
A.combining the real world with the virtual world
B.separating the real world from the virtual world
C.making it difficult to tell the real world from the virtual world
D.making the difference between the real world and the virtual world become less important
【小题3】What can people do through the use of avatars?
A.Pick up, try on and test out products in real shopping centres.
B.Buy property and take a holiday in the real world.
C.Experience virtual tourism even though they are short of time and money.
D.Experience the joy of traveling just as they do in the real world.
【小题4】On the whole, the writer’s attitude to the wide use of 3-D technology is ______.
A.criticalB.optimistic
C.negativeD.skeptical

同类题2

   After years of research and tests, the hybrid car was developed and put on the market. It's an interesting and exciting new improvement in today's world as we look for better ways to protect the quality of the air we breathe and protect our natural resources.

The quality of our air is affected by many different things. But one of the largest sources of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuel such as coal and gasoline which is used to power a car's engine. The Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)has set national standards to help control the level of harmful pollutants sent off into the air, and the automobile industry has acted by producing the hybrid car that uses less gas and therefore causes less pollution.

A hybrid car is a combination of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is battery-powered. Some people tend to think that since the hybrid car is partially electric, you have to plug it in to charge it. But that's not how it works. The 144 volt battery pack(电池组)is actually recharged through the energy that is produced when the car's brakes are used. This is referred to as "regenerative braking", because it generates electricity.

Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time, this helps it use less gas than a regular car. When the driver stops at a traffic light, the engine automatically shuts off to save fuel. Then, as soon as the driver puts the car in gear and touches the gas pedal(踏板), the engine starts backing up.

Have you ever ridden in a car with someone which ran out of gas?That probably wouldn't happen if you were riding in a hybrid car. It flashes a warning on its computer screen that says, "I am low on gas. "When it completely runs out, the warning reads, "YOU ARENOW OUT OF GAS!"Then the electric power supply starts to work to let the driver travel a few more miles to a gas station.

【小题1】Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.The hybrid car will be put on the market.
B.Hybrid cars run faster than regular cars.
C.When the hybrid car stops at a traffic light, the driver will get a warning.
D.The burning of fossil fuel is one of the largest sources of air pollution.
【小题2】According to the passage, the word "hybrid" refers to_________.
A.a high-tech discoveryB.energy saving
C.a new inventionD.a combination of two things
【小题3】"Regenerative braking" is an important process of the hybrid car because _________.
A.it allows the car to come to a quick stop
B.it gives the driver a smoother ride
C.it produces energy to charge the battery
D.it can control the speed of the car
【小题4】Which of the following is the reason for developing hybrid cars?
A.They use less gas than regular cars.
B.They' re safer to drive than most cars.
C.They' re more modern than other cars.
D.They cost less than regular cars.

同类题3

   Technology has enabled people to connect fast and across vast distances. 【小题1】 Therefore, it is important to find ways to communicate better, while we are still keeping pace with the demands of the modern day.

Cut back on texting. Texting is a good way of keeping in touch and communicating with another person if calling him is not possible. Unless you can’t help it, give up the habit of texting — while walking, eating or driving — because texting is not real communication. 【小题2】 Calling is a great way of enhancing conversations because it’s more direct, with a greater chance of successful communication.

【小题3】 We are more willing to spend time on Facebook than actually leave our desks and have a conversation with the person working right next to us. A good way of improving real-life communication is to log off or keep yourself away from social media.

Meet people face-to-face. The next time you want to open Facebook to chat with a friend, call him up and meet him instead. 【小题4】 Take time to meet the person who matters to you and you will get a kind of communication and relationship that staring at a screen just can’t provide.

Technology is a tool. It is worth remembering that technology is only a tool we have. 【小题5】Use social networks to find people, to reconnect with friends, to support a cause and to contribute to the bigger picture in a more real manner.

A.Log out.
B.Listen more.
C.However, it has also created barriers around us.
D.Do you find yourself opening it more than necessary?
E.Every once in a while, it’s a good idea to cut back on texting and call people instead.
F.Something as casual as coffee or lunch can help you connect and communicate with him.
G.We can’t escape the virtual world and nor should we try, but we can choose to use technology more intelligently.

同类题4

A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”
【小题1】The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.
A.they had no model in their mind
B.they did not have sufficient time
C.they had no ready-made components
D.they could not assemble the components
【小题2】It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly __________.
A.consists of a flight device and a control system
B.can just fly in limited areas at the present time
C.can collect information from many sources
D.has been put into wide application
【小题3】Which of the following can be learned from the passage?
A.The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.
B.Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.
C.There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.
D.Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.
【小题4】Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A.Father of Robotic Fly
B.Inspiration from Engineering Science
C.Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect
D.Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study