Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave in the movement that fought to end slavery in the United States. He became a【小题1】 voice in the year before the Civil War.

A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) 【小题2】Douglass’s birth and Black History Month with reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a【小题3】 site in Washington. D.C. The two-story house, which contains many of Douglass’s personal possessions, had undergone a three-year 【小题4】. (Thanks to the NTS website, however, you don’t have to live in the nation’s capital to visit it. Take a tour online.)

He was born in Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey to a slave mother and a white father who never knew Douglass grew uo to become the first black 【小题5】 to hold a government office--- as US minister and consul general （总领事）to Haiti.

As a youth, he never went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in the South, so he 【小题6】 taught himself to read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from his slave owner to Massachusetts and changed his last name to Douglass, to hide his identity.

In the 1850s, Douglass was involved with the Underground Railroad, the system 【小题7】 up by antislavery groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and Canada. His home in Rochester, N.Y. was near the Canadian border. It became an important station on the 【小题8】, housing as many as 11 runaway slaves at a time.

He died in 1895. In his lifetime, Douglass 【小题9】 the end of slavery in 1865 and the adoption of the 15^th Amendment to the US Constitution （美国宪法修正案）, which 【小题10】 African-Americans the right to vote.