云南省昭通市2018届高三五校联合测试题(一) 物理试题

适用年级:高三
试卷号:669333

试卷类型:一模
试卷考试时间:2018/7/5

1.单选题(共5题)

1.
如图所示吊床用绳子拴在两棵树上等高的位置.某人先坐在吊床上,后躺在吊床上,均处于静止状态.设吊床两端系绳中的拉力为、吊床对该人的作用力为,则(    )
A.坐着比躺着时
B.躺着比坐着时
C.坐着比躺着时
D.躺着比坐着时
2.
一小球由静止开始竖直下落,触底后立即竖直反弹,直至再次上升到最高点,已知空气阻力大小恒定,触地反弹瞬间动能损失了75%,规定向下为正方向,则在整个过程中,则下列vt图象中能正确反应这一过程的是(  )
A.B.
C.D.
3.
物体静止在斜面上,以下的几种分析中正确的是 (  )
A.物体所受到静摩擦力的反作用力是重力沿斜面的分力
B.物体所受重力沿垂直斜面的分力就是物体对斜面的压力
C.物体所受重力的反作用力就是斜面对它的静摩擦力和支持力这两个力的合力
D.物体所受支持力的反作用力就是物体对斜面的压力
4.
北京时间2013年12月2日凌晨,中国在西昌卫星发射中心成功将嫦娥三号月球探侧器送入太空。如图所示,嫦娥三号在A点经制动进入环月圆轨道I,然后再次在A点制动将轨道I变为椭圆轨道II,使其近月点B点距月球表面大约15公里。下列说法正确的是( )
A.嫦娥三号在轨道I的A点势能大于在轨道II的B点势能
B.嫦娥三号变轨前后的机械能相等
C.嫦娥三号在轨道I上的速度大于月球的第一宇宙速度
D.嫦娥三号在轨道II上A点的加速度大于在轨道I上A点的加速度
5.
假设某次罚点球直接射门时,球恰好从横梁下边缘踢进,此时的速度为v.横梁下边缘离地面的高度为h,足球质量为m,运动员对足球做的功为W1,足球运动过程中克服空气阻力做的功为W2,选地面为零势能面,下列说法正确的是(  )
A.运动员对足球做的功为W1mghmv2
B.足球机械能的变化量为W1W2
C.足球克服空气阻力做的功为W2mghmv2W1
D.运动员刚踢完球的瞬间,足球的动能为mghmv2

2.选择题(共4题)

6.根据材料内容,选择正确答案。   

Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

    Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book. They end around 21:00.

    November 7th

    The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early "civil engineers".

    December 5th

    Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.

    February 6th

    An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

    March 6th

    Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

    Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book

    More into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson

    London Canal Museum

    12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

    www.canalmuseum.org.uk   www.canalmuseum.mobi

    Tel: 020 77130836

7.根据材料内容,选择正确答案。   

Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

    Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book. They end around 21:00.

    November 7th

    The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early "civil engineers".

    December 5th

    Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.

    February 6th

    An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

    March 6th

    Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

    Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book

    More into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson

    London Canal Museum

    12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

    www.canalmuseum.org.uk   www.canalmuseum.mobi

    Tel: 020 77130836

8.平板电脑的充电电池多为锂电池,假设锂电池的充电电流为500mA,则以下说法正确的是(   )
9.如图A,B是某种雌性动物细胞分裂示意图,C表示该动物细胞分裂时期核DNA数量变化曲线,请据图回答:

3.多选题(共3题)

10.
(多选)如图所示,虚线abc是某一点电荷产生的电场中的三个等势面,一带正电的微粒射入电场中,其运动轨迹如图实线KLMN所示,设粒子运动过程中只受电场力,则由图可知(  )
A.三个等势面电势关系为φa>φb>φc
B.粒子从LM的过程中,电场力一直做负功
C.粒子从KL的过程中,电势能增加
D.粒子从KL的过程中,受到静电引力;从MN的过程中,受到静电斥力
11.
如图所示,两根光滑平行的金属导轨,放在倾角为θ的斜面上,导轨的左端接有电阻R,导轨自身电阻不计,斜面处在一匀强磁场中,方向垂直斜面向上,一质量为m、电阻不计的金属棒,在沿斜面并与棒垂直的恒力F作用下沿导轨匀速上滑,并上升了h高度,则在上滑h的过程中(  )
A.金属棒所受合外力所做的功等于mgh与电阻R上产生的热量之和
B.恒力F与重力的合力所做的功等于电阻R上产生的热量
C.金属棒受到的合外力所做的功为零
D.恒力F与安培力的合力所做的功为mgh
12.
(多选)线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动,产生的交变电流如图,则(  )
A.在AC时刻线圈平面和磁场平行
B.在AC时刻线圈平面和磁场垂直
C.在B时刻线圈中的磁通量为零
D.若线圈转动的周期为0.02s ,则该交变电流的频率为50Hz

4.解答题(共2题)

13.
如图所示,一个质量为m,电荷量+q的带电微粒(重力忽略不计),从静止开始经U1电压加速后,水平进入两平行金属板间的偏转电场中,金属板长L,两板间距d,微粒射出偏转电场时的偏转角θ=30°,又接着进入一个方向垂直于纸面向里的匀强磁场区,求:

(1)微粒进入偏转电场时的速度v0是多大?
(2)两金属板间的电压U2是多大?
(3)若该匀强磁场的磁感应强度B,微粒在磁场中运动后能从左边界射出,则微粒在磁场中的运动时间为多少?
(4)若该匀强磁场的宽度为D,为使微粒不会从磁场右边射出,该匀强磁场的磁感应强度B至少多大?
14.
如图所示,某种透明材料做成的三棱镜,其横截面是横截面是边长为a的等边三角形,现用一束宽度为a的单色平行光束,以垂直于BC面的方向正好入射到该三棱镜的AB及AC面上,结果所有从AB、AC面入射的光线进入后恰好全部直接到达BC面.求:

(i)该材料对此平行光束的折射率;
(ii)这些直接到达BC面的光线从BC面折射而出后,如果照射到一块平行于BC面的屏上形成光斑,则当屏到BC面的距离d满足什么条件时,此光斑分为两条.

5.实验题(共1题)

15.
用图甲所示装置验证机械能守恒定律


(1)电火花计时器的工作电压为________
(2)下列做法正确的有________
A.图甲中两限位孔必须在同一直线上
B.实验前,手应提住纸带上端,并使纸带竖直
C.实验时,先放手松开纸带再接通打点计时器电源
D.数据处理时,应选择纸带上距离较近的两点作为初、末位置
(3)实验打出的纸带如乙图所示,则实验时纸带的________端(选填“左”或“右”)应和重物相连接.重物质量为m,若选取AC两点为初末位置研究机械能守恒,则减少的重力势能是________(当地重力加速度为g).
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(5道)

    选择题:(4道)

    多选题:(3道)

    解答题:(2道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:3

    9星难题:1