根据汉语或首字母提示填空
【小题1】O__________ is to us what water is to fish.
【小题2】The professor is respected for his wide r____________ of knowledge.
【小题3】You can’t fully ______________（欣赏）foreign literature in translation.
【小题4】Trees are important in that they protect soil, regulate water and a___________ carbon dioxide.
【小题5】Jenny looks thin and weak because she is too p___________ about food.
【小题6】It is reported that so far only 27% of the paper we __________________（消耗）has been recycled.
【小题7】He could not accustom himself to the changeable _______________________（气候）in Britain.
【小题8】To our delight, nowadays more and more people are concerned about environmental _______________（保护）.
【小题9】Something is wrong with the ___________（发动机）, and the car won’t start.
【小题10】Anyone who was found cutting down trees i_____________ would be punished.

   Storing food is common in members of the crow family. A new study tested the birds outside for this naturally occurring behavior, which may have evolved（进化）specifically because it gives crows a survival advantage. Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. So the researchers tested whether the birds could store and recover a tool so they could use it to find their food after a gap of 17 hours — something we wouldn’t expect them to do naturally. But they were able to instantly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items.

In another experiment, the researchers taught crows to select a token（礼品券）from a number of items so that they could then exchange it for food. Again, the birds then showed that they could plan for the future using this new behaviour. This is different from all of the previous studies in future planning, which have focused on naturally occurring behaviour. For example, we know that chimpanzees select, transport and save appropriate tools for future needs.

These studies have shown that animals can plan for the future — but they leave an important question open for debate. Are animals only able to plan to use abilities that have evolved to give them a specific advantage, or can they flexibly and intelligently apply planning behaviour across various actions? Most critics would say the former, as the animals were tested in naturally occurring behaviour.

But the new research provides the first evidence that animal species can plan for the future using behaviour that doesn’t typically occur in nature. This supports the view that at least some recognitive（认知的）abilities in animals don’t evolve just in response to specific problems. Instead, it suggests that animals can apply these behaviour flexibly across problems in a similar way to humans. We need to study how flexible behaviour evolved. Then we might be able to see how crows’ ability to plan for the future fits in with their broader cognitive powers.

【小题1】What’s the new finding about some crows according to Paragraph 1?

A．They can store food.	B．They can use tools to recover food.
C．They can store and recover tools.	D．They can select and store food.

【小题2】What are crows trained by researchers to do when given a token?

A．Reject it casually.	B．Exchange it for food.
C．Save it as their food.	D．Build a nest with it.

【小题3】What can we infer about the studies that animals can plan for the future?

A．They are debatable.	B．They are disappointing.
C．They are logical.	D．They are convincing.

【小题4】What can be learned about flexible behaviour in animals?

A．It develops only with age.	B．It is unclear how it evolved.
C．No animals but crows benefit from it.	D．It helps plan for the future.

单句语法填空
【小题1】There is no doubt __________________ global warming has an influence on almost every living thing on earth.
【小题2】If you __________________ want to drink tonight, please don’t drive.
【小题3】The doctors gave him a one in ten chance of ________________（survive）.
【小题4】You can rely on ________________ that the school will respond immediately to the students’ request that they should have more time to relax.
【小题5】The ________________（high）we go above the earth, the thinner the air is.
【小题6】China has made great achievements in the past years, ________________（range）from economic growth to environmental protection.
【小题7】I’d appreciate ________________ if you could help me clean up the garden.
【小题8】In today’s competitive economy ________________ everyone is trying to do more with less, you’ve got to figure out a way to profit from the very beginning.
【小题9】Going into hospital can be very ________________（frighten）for a child.
【小题10】We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems ________________（concern）the Yangtze River.

   Technological innovation（创新）may not give you a warm feeling. 【小题1】 Messaging apps are examples of technology that is helping bring people together. It’s ready to continue improving our lives as innovation allows technology to really understand how we live.

【小题2】

Some of the most popular and widely adopted innovations make things we’re already doing easier. A well-designed piece of technology can transform something that consumes time into a worry-free touch of your finger, giving you more time to spend with friends and family.

Proving that you really are you

Developers keep finding new and brilliant ways to prove our identities online. With fingerprints and voice recognition, technology keeps getting better at proving we are who we say we are. 【小题3】 .The more trust we have, the easier it will be to fully welcome the aspects of fintech（金融科技）and have control of our financial data.

Helping make good ideas a reality

Crowdfunding（众筹）technology keeps breaking down walls that may have previously kept good ideas from being realized. Here’s how it works: You throw your project to people through an online platform. 【小题4】 . By connecting dreamers and inventors to a new type of capital, technology is giving more creative ideas the opportunity to become a reality.

Adding even more quality to quality time

As technology continues improving, it becomes easier to build and keep a connection with someone who isn’t in the same location as you. 【小题5】 . And think about how great it will be when you can communicate with your friends and relatives in virtual reality. It will be the next best thing to be together in person.

A．Sparing some time to make friends

B．Freeing up more time for friends and family

C．However, when at its best, it opens our eyes to many things

D．Actually, it can do wonders to deepen our interpersonal connections

E．Think about how much easier it is to have a video meeting than before

F．This can make it easier to trust the connections we make online

G．If they are interested in your project, they donate money to fund your project

短文改错

Who is willing to drink the polluting water? It can cause us to be ill but even to die. We can’t wait for the moment to protect our water sources. The water we use coming from the ocean, lakes, rivers or streams. But many of these water sources are getting serious polluted. Towns and cities pump sewage（污水）into the water. Many people are throwing all kinds dirty things into the water. Factories poured waste material into the water. Therefore, water sources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is fit to drink or use it. Now it is high time when we should do something to protect our water environment from being polluted.

选词填空（可变换形式）

【小题1】If each of us can _________________ to protect the environment, we will surely make a big difference.
【小题2】Every one of us has to __________________ new challenges in life and then make progress.
【小题3】Preparations for the coming sports meeting are well __________________.
【小题4】His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone __________________.
【小题5】The company’s position __________________ overtime is made clear in the contract.
【小题6】__________________, I’d like to show my thanks for the trouble you have taken to help us.
【小题7】Don’t worry, dear. You can __________________ me to keep your secret.
【小题8】Old trains would __________________ a lot of harmful gases when running.
【小题9】We should not __________________ our failure totally __________________ the bad weather.
【小题10】The doctors are busy operating on the injured passengers __________________.

句型转换（每空一词）
【小题1】Nor is it good news for the wide range of the fish and wildlife that live in or along the river.
It is ___________ good news for the wide range of the fish and wildlife that live in or along the river ___________.
【小题2】The project is under way to make wastewater clean before it is poured into the river.
The project is ___________ ___________ ___________ to make wastewater clean before it is poured into the river.
【小题3】New technology has been introduced from America, which has led to great increase in production.
New technology has been introduced from America, ___________ ___________ great increase in production.
【小题4】When chemical wastewater flows into rivers, it is dangerous to fish in rivers.
When chemical wastewater flows into rivers, it ___________ fish in rivers ___________ ___________.
【小题5】Nobody doubts that the more petrol and electricity we consume, the more carbon dioxide we let off.
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ that the more petrol and electricity we consume, the more carbon dioxide we let off.