广东省普宁市2018-2019学年七年级下学期期末考试历史试题

适用年级:初一
试卷号:650666

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2019/7/24

1.综合题(共2题)

1.
中国是一个文明古国,曾创造出辉煌灿烂的历史文化,为人类文明做出了重大贡献。阅读下列材料,回答问题。
材料一:在当时的条件下,这是一大发明,这种制度提供了布衣(平民)可以做宰相,可以为公卿,可以参政的机会,……有人称它为中国古代的“第五大发明”。
材料二:“如纺车,以细竹为之,车骨之末,缚以竹筒,旋转时低则舀水,高则泻水。”
材料三:如下图

材料四:“若止印三二本,未为简易;若印数十百千本,则极为神速。”

——《梦溪笔谈》

请回答:
(1)根据所学知识,指出材料一中的“制度”什么?在当时起了什么积极作用?
(2)农业工具的创新极大地促进了生产的发展,结合所学知识,指出材料二反映了唐朝农民发明的哪种农业工具?除此之外唐朝还发明了什么新的农具?
(3)宋代商品经济高度繁荣,材料三图示是北宋出现的世界上最早的纸币,它的名称是什么?最早出现于哪一地区?
(4)结合所学知识回答,材料四所叙述的是宋元时期我国领先世界的哪一科技成就?是谁发明的?
2.
对外关系是一个国家与其他国家或地区的关系,为了自身的存在和发展,每一个国家都十分重视对外关系和对外政策。阅读下列材料,回答问题。
材料一:复旦大学钱文忠教授在讲述唐朝对外关系时说:“一个伟大僧人西行取经的传奇故事,一条由信念、坚持和智慧浇筑而成的求知之路,一个民族胸襟开放、海纳百川的真实写照。”
材料二:宋朝的海外贸易超过了前代,成为当时世界上从事海外贸易的重要国家。广州、泉州是著名的世界大商港,南宋的外贸所得在财政收入中占重要地位。
材料三:他是中国的一位航海英雄,他下西洋,跟公元二世纪张鶱出使西域一样,都是为中国凿开了一个过去很少人知道的混沌而广大的天地。
材料四:(清朝时期)外国商人入境中国受到严格限制。与中国的通商是季节性,仅于广州一处口岸,且管制甚严。他们不得进入中国内地,种种规章制度专为限制他们的活动范围而定。
(1)结合所学知识,指出材料一的这位“伟大僧人”是谁?他的一生与佛学密不可分,他为后世留下的经典著作是什么?
(2)根据材料二及所学知识回答,宋朝管理海外贸易的机构是什么?
(3)结合所学知识,指出材料三中所说的“他”是谁?“他下西洋”最远到达的是哪里?
(4)材料四体现了清政府在对外关系上实行了怎样的政策?该政策造成了什么严重危害?

2.选择题(共21题)

3.
唐诗宋词是中华民族的文化基因,在众多唐代诗人中,诗作既豪迈飘逸又清新瑰丽,被称为“诗仙”的是
A.李白
B.杜甫
C.白居易
D.王维
4.
宰相文彦博说:“太祖岂非周世宗忠臣?但得军情,所以有陈桥之变。”“太祖”是指
A.李世民
B.赵匡胤
C.赵构
D.朱元璋
5.
宋朝武将受到多方面的牵制,而文臣担任中央和地方要职。这体现的宋朝的政策是(  )
A.休养生息政策B.重武轻文政策C.重文轻武政策D.对外开放政策
6.
下列关于两宋时期少数民族首领和其所建立政权的对应关系,不正确的是( )
A.阿保机——契丹B.元昊——西夏
C.阿骨打——金D.铁木真——辽
7.阅读理解

    My dad was in the Air Force. When I was a kid, we moved every few years. That meant a lot of good-byes. It also meant getting used to a whole new community and a whole new school each time we moved. I can still feel what it was like to have to walk into the new school---that sinking feeling in my belly, that heaviness in my throat. It would always take time for me to learn how everything worked, what was cool and what not. It was always a struggle to find where I could fit in.

    Already shy, I didn't have much self-confidence in my friend-making abilities. I was the girl walking in the halls with her head down, panicking. When I spoke, you could hardly hear my soft voice. I was nervous and doubted myself a lot.

    It was very hard not having a history with everyone else. I was an outsider. But what I did have was soccer. Wherever I went, I knew that I could fit it with the soccer ball. The soccer team meant a familiar place and immediate friends for me. I could express myself and feel good about myself on the field. Playing hard helped to get rid of all my nervousness.

    Throughout our lives, our self-respect goes down when we feel like a failure, and it goes up when we feel successful. Doing something well, being praised, and feeling loved goes a long way. We all need to explore opportunities where we can be good at something and feel good about ourselves. Physical activity and sport participation is a terrific way to build up our sense of self-confidence and self-worth.

8.阅读理解

    My dad was in the Air Force. When I was a kid, we moved every few years. That meant a lot of good-byes. It also meant getting used to a whole new community and a whole new school each time we moved. I can still feel what it was like to have to walk into the new school---that sinking feeling in my belly, that heaviness in my throat. It would always take time for me to learn how everything worked, what was cool and what not. It was always a struggle to find where I could fit in.

    Already shy, I didn't have much self-confidence in my friend-making abilities. I was the girl walking in the halls with her head down, panicking. When I spoke, you could hardly hear my soft voice. I was nervous and doubted myself a lot.

    It was very hard not having a history with everyone else. I was an outsider. But what I did have was soccer. Wherever I went, I knew that I could fit it with the soccer ball. The soccer team meant a familiar place and immediate friends for me. I could express myself and feel good about myself on the field. Playing hard helped to get rid of all my nervousness.

    Throughout our lives, our self-respect goes down when we feel like a failure, and it goes up when we feel successful. Doing something well, being praised, and feeling loved goes a long way. We all need to explore opportunities where we can be good at something and feel good about ourselves. Physical activity and sport participation is a terrific way to build up our sense of self-confidence and self-worth.

9.
我国古代的经济重心经历了一个由北向南转移的过程,至南宋时最终完成。以下关于这一时期南方经济发展的原因,说法不正确的是(  )
A.南方为少数民族政权,政治清明B.南方战乱相对较少
C.北方人南迁带去了先进的生产技术D.南方自然条件优越
10.
店铺林立,买卖昼夜不绝。瓦舍勾栏,终日喧器不已。这种热闹的城市生活场景最有可能出现在()
A.南朝B.隋朝
C.唐朝D.宋朝
11.
邓小平同志说:“西藏是中国领土的一部分,中国对西藏的主权不容否定,西藏独立不行,半独立不行,变相独立也不行。”下列史实中能证明西藏正式成为“中国领土的一部分”的是(  )
A. 西汉时设置西域都护 B. 唐朝时文成公主入吐蕃
C. 元朝时加强对西藏的管辖 D. 清朝时设置驻藏大臣
12.
电视剧《忽必烈传奇》首次浓墨重彩刻画了元世祖忽必烈励精图治、建立元朝的全过程。下列不属于忽必烈所为的是(    )
A.建立蒙古政权B.推行采用汉法的改革
C.实行行省制度D.建立元朝政权
13.
中国古代专制主义中央集权制度延续了两千多年,专制统治不断加强,构成了封建政治制度的基本格局。如下图所示,从图1到图2政治制度的变革发生在
A.唐朝
B.宋朝
C.元朝
D.明朝
14.
“杀牛羊,备酒浆,开了城门迎闯王,闯王来时不纳粮”,这是明朝末年的民谣,民谣中所说的“闯王”是
A.吴三桂
B.李自成
C.黄巢
D.张献忠
15.
我国历史上重视对边疆地区的有效管辖。依据下列管辖措施判断该边疆地区应是
A.内蒙古
B.东北
C.西藏
D.新疆
16.
清朝后期,专门管理进出口贸易的机构是
A.市舶司
B.军机处
C.锦衣卫
D.广州十三行
17.
明朝时期,科举考试的范围是四书五经,从朱熹的《四书章句集注》出题,发挥题意也
以《集注》为依据,以“八股”为应试文章的程式,此举
A.提高了政府的办事效率B.有利于选拔有真才实学的人才
C.促进了文学艺术的发展D.严重禁锢知识分子的创新思维
18.
清政府一些官员认为台湾土地狭小、人口稀少,设立地方政府要靠朝廷供养,浪费粮饷,主张放弃台湾岛。大臣施琅劝告康熙帝,没有台湾,东南沿海不得安宁,虽然边远,其实是沿海要害所在。于是,康熙帝决定设立台湾府管理台湾。上述材料表明清朝设立台湾府的目的是
A.接受汉族文化
B.发展海外贸易
C.巩固东南海防
D.鼓励官员进谏
19.
曹雪芹在《红楼梦》开篇中写道:“满纸荒唐言,一把辛酸泪。都云作者痴,谁解其中味?”这反映出(  )
A.作品具有高度的思想和艺术价值
B.作者对旧制度和传统礼教的批判
C.作者对社会下层人民的深刻同情
D.作品对人民的反抗精神予以肯定
20.
中俄双方签订的第一个边界条约是
A.《南京条约》B.《尼布楚条约》
C.中俄《勘分西北界约记》D.中俄《北京条约》
21.
“‘戚家军,纪律严明,英勇善战,转战于闽浙粤沿海诸地……”其历史功绩是()
A. 荡平东南沿海倭寇 B. 收复台湾全部领土
C. 平定大小和卓叛乱 D. 抗击沙皇俄国入侵
22.
清朝时,有人因写了“清风不识字,何故乱翻书”的诗句而惨遭杀害;有一考官因出了一道“维民所止”的题目(清朝统治者认为他暗指“雍正无头”)而丢官丧命。这反映了清朝统治者
A.大兴文字狱
B.焚书坑儒
C.提倡言论自由
D.独尊儒术
23.
“载初元二月,策问贡人于洛城殿……殿前试人自此始”。“殿前试人”这一考试形式的开创者是( )
A.隋炀帝B.唐太宗C.武则天D.唐玄宗
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(2道)

    选择题:(21道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:7

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:7

    9星难题:6