安徽省宿松县2018-2019学年七年级上学期期末考试数学试题

适用年级:初一
试卷号:567846

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2019/1/30

1.单选题(共9题)

1.
有理数ab在数轴上的表示如图所示,则下列结论中:①ab<0,②﹣a>﹣b,③a+b<0,④ab<0,⑤a<|b| 正确的有( )
A.2个B.3个C.4个D.5个
2.
在数-(-3),0,(-3)2,|-9|,-24中,正数的个数有(  )
A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个
3.
已知﹣3xm-1y3xym+n是同类项,那么mn的值分别是(   )
A.m=2,n=1B.m=﹣2,n=﹣1C.m=﹣2,n=1D.m=2,n=﹣1
4.
宿松县振兴大道主干道进行绿化,计划把某一段公路的一侧全部栽上桂花树,要求路的两端各栽一棵,并且每两棵树的间隔相等,如果每隔6米栽1棵,则树苗缺30棵;如果每隔7米栽1棵,则树苗多10棵,设原有树苗x棵,则根据题意列出方程正确的是(   )
A.6(x+30﹣1)=7(x﹣10)B.6(x+30)=7(x﹣10﹣1)
C.6(x+30﹣1)=7(x﹣10﹣1)D.6(x+30)=7(x﹣10)
5.
《九章算术》是我国东汉初年编订的一部数学经典著作.在它的“方程”一章里,一次方程组是由算筹布置而成的.《九章算术》中的算筹图是竖排的,为看图方便,我们把它改为横排,如图1、图2.图中各行从左到右列出的算筹数分别表示未知数xy的系数与相应的常数项.把图1所示的算筹图用我们现在所熟悉的方程组形式表述出来,就是,类似地,图2所示的算筹图我们可以表述为(   )
A.B.C.D.
6.
在直线AB上任取一点O,过点O作射线OCOD,使∠COD=90°,当∠AOC=50°时,∠BOD的度数是(   )
A.40°B.140°C.40°或140°D.40°或90°
7.
下列说法:①同角的补角相等,②平面内若AB=BC,则点B为线段AC的中点,③若∠AOC=AOB,则射线OC是∠AOB的平分线,④连结两点之间的线段叫两点间的距离;⑤平面内四条直线相交最多有6个交点;其中正确的有(   )
A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个
8.
如图,将一副三角板叠放在一起,使直角的顶点重合于O,若∠AOC=150°,则∠DOB=(   )
A.30°B.40°C.60°D.90°
9.
如图是一个运算程序的示意图,若开始输入x的值为81,则第2014次输出的结果为()
A.3B.27C.9D.1

2.选择题(共4题)

10.阅读理解

    Knowing how much her own children loved presents at Christmas, Ann Sutton always tried to seek help for one or two poor families. With a social worker mother, the Sutton children had inherited her commitment to service, and knew never to take their good fortune at Christmas for granted. This year, Kinzie, her seven-year-old daughter was thrilled that Santa Claus would make a special visit to a 22-year-old mother named Ashley who worked in a factory raising her 12-month-old son by herself.

    The phone rang on Sunday. A representative from a local organization was calling to say that the aid Ann had requested for Ashley had fallen through. No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing.

    Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children's faces at the news. Without a word, Kinzie ran into her bedroom. She returned, her face set with determination. Opening up her piggy bank, she put all the coins onto the table: $3.30. Everything she had.

    “Mom,” she told Ann, “I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a present for the baby.”

    At a breakfast meeting the next day, Ann told her coworkers about her daughter's story. To her surprise, staff members began to open their purses and empty their pockets to help Kinzie. By day's end, the story of Kinzie's gift had spread beyond Ann's office. She received a call from an unknown donor. If a seven-year-old could give everything she had, he said, he should at least match her gift 100 to 1. He contributed $300.

    On Christmas Eve, Ann drove through the pouring rain to the small trailer where the Ashleys lived. Then she began to unload the gifts from the car, handing them to Ashley one by one.

    Ashley was very moved. Reflecting on a little girl's generosity, Ashley says she'll one day be able to do something similar for someone else in need. “Kinzie could have used that money for herself, but she gave it away,” Ashley says. “She's the type of kid I'd like my son to grow up to be.”

11.阅读理解

    Knowing how much her own children loved presents at Christmas, Ann Sutton always tried to seek help for one or two poor families. With a social worker mother, the Sutton children had inherited her commitment to service, and knew never to take their good fortune at Christmas for granted. This year, Kinzie, her seven-year-old daughter was thrilled that Santa Claus would make a special visit to a 22-year-old mother named Ashley who worked in a factory raising her 12-month-old son by herself.

    The phone rang on Sunday. A representative from a local organization was calling to say that the aid Ann had requested for Ashley had fallen through. No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing.

    Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children's faces at the news. Without a word, Kinzie ran into her bedroom. She returned, her face set with determination. Opening up her piggy bank, she put all the coins onto the table: $3.30. Everything she had.

    “Mom,” she told Ann, “I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a present for the baby.”

    At a breakfast meeting the next day, Ann told her coworkers about her daughter's story. To her surprise, staff members began to open their purses and empty their pockets to help Kinzie. By day's end, the story of Kinzie's gift had spread beyond Ann's office. She received a call from an unknown donor. If a seven-year-old could give everything she had, he said, he should at least match her gift 100 to 1. He contributed $300.

    On Christmas Eve, Ann drove through the pouring rain to the small trailer where the Ashleys lived. Then she began to unload the gifts from the car, handing them to Ashley one by one.

    Ashley was very moved. Reflecting on a little girl's generosity, Ashley says she'll one day be able to do something similar for someone else in need. “Kinzie could have used that money for herself, but she gave it away,” Ashley says. “She's the type of kid I'd like my son to grow up to be.”

12.阅读理解

    Knowing how much her own children loved presents at Christmas, Ann Sutton always tried to seek help for one or two poor families. With a social worker mother, the Sutton children had inherited her commitment to service, and knew never to take their good fortune at Christmas for granted. This year, Kinzie, her seven-year-old daughter was thrilled that Santa Claus would make a special visit to a 22-year-old mother named Ashley who worked in a factory raising her 12-month-old son by herself.

    The phone rang on Sunday. A representative from a local organization was calling to say that the aid Ann had requested for Ashley had fallen through. No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing.

    Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children's faces at the news. Without a word, Kinzie ran into her bedroom. She returned, her face set with determination. Opening up her piggy bank, she put all the coins onto the table: $3.30. Everything she had.

    “Mom,” she told Ann, “I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a present for the baby.”

    At a breakfast meeting the next day, Ann told her coworkers about her daughter's story. To her surprise, staff members began to open their purses and empty their pockets to help Kinzie. By day's end, the story of Kinzie's gift had spread beyond Ann's office. She received a call from an unknown donor. If a seven-year-old could give everything she had, he said, he should at least match her gift 100 to 1. He contributed $300.

    On Christmas Eve, Ann drove through the pouring rain to the small trailer where the Ashleys lived. Then she began to unload the gifts from the car, handing them to Ashley one by one.

    Ashley was very moved. Reflecting on a little girl's generosity, Ashley says she'll one day be able to do something similar for someone else in need. “Kinzie could have used that money for herself, but she gave it away,” Ashley says. “She's the type of kid I'd like my son to grow up to be.”

13.下面文段有三处推断存在问题,请参照①的方式,说明另外两处问题。

青春本是生活的一部分,只要把青春融入生活,你就能领会青春的真谛。青春并不是华丽的外衣,人生并非花团锦簇,青春的笑容也必都会和眼泪融在一起。几次挫折便是生活的全部吗?走出失败的阴影,世界会变得更加美丽,失落意味着不再拥有,当你感叹夕阳西下的时候,朝阳正从你的背后升起。

推断存在的问题:

①青春融入生活,不一定就能领会青春的真谛。

②{#blank#}1{#/blank#}。

③{#blank#}2{#/blank#}。

3.填空题(共8题)

14.
2019年1月1日宿松县最高气温为4℃,最低气温为﹣2℃,那么“元旦”这天的温差是_____℃.
15.
“合安九”高铁(合肥—安庆—九江)由新合肥西站引出,经肥西、舒城、庐江、桐城、安庆西站、太湖、宿松至湖北省黄梅县跨鳊鱼洲长江大桥引入江西省九江市庐山站。总投资约368.09亿元的合安段预计2020年通车。将368.09亿元用科学记数法表示为_____元。
16.
若a+b=2017,c+d=﹣1,则(a﹣2c)﹣(2d﹣b)=_______。
17.
单项式的系数是_____________,次数是____________.
18.
一个三位数百位数字和十位数字组成的两位数是a,个位数字是b,用代数式表示这个三位数是____________.
19.
人民路有甲乙两家超市,春节来临之际两个超市分别给出了不同的促销方案:
甲超市购物全场8.8折.
乙超市购物①不超过200元,不给予优惠;
②超过200元而不超过600元,打9折;
③超过600元,其中的600元仍打9折,超过600元的部分打8折.
(假设两家超市相同商品的标价都一样)当标价总额是___________元时,甲、乙两家超市实付款一样.
20.
从3点整开始,分针至少顺时针旋转_____度才能与时针重合.
21.
一个锐角的补角比它的余角大_____度。

4.解答题(共8题)

22.
计算:﹣12+(﹣2)×3﹣1÷(﹣0.2)﹣|﹣4|
23.
先化简,再求值:2a2﹣[a2﹣(2a+4a2)﹣2(a2﹣2a)],其中a=﹣3.
24.
解方程
25.
解方程组:
26.
已知点B在直线AC上,AB=4cmAC=6cm.PQ分别是ABAC的中点,求线段PQ的长.
27.
如图所示,已知∠AOB=90°,∠BOC=20°,OM平分∠AOC,ON平分∠BOC;
(1)求∠MON;
(2)∠AOB=α,∠BOC=β,求∠MON的度数.
28.
用正方形硬纸板做三棱柱盒子,每个盒子由3个矩形侧面和2个正三角形底面组成。硬纸板以如图两种方式裁剪(裁剪后边角料不再利用)
A方法:剪6个侧面;  B方法:剪4个侧面和5个底面。

现有19张硬纸板,裁剪时张用A方法,其余用B方法。
(1)用的代数式分别表示裁剪出的侧面和底面的个数;
(2)若裁剪出的侧面和底面恰好全部用完,问能做多少个盒子?
29.
在“书香包河”读书活动中,学校准备购买一批课外读物,为使课外读物满足学生们的需求,学校就“我最喜爱的课外读物”从文学、艺术、科普和其他四个类别进行了抽样调查(每位同学只选一类),如图是根据调查结果绘制的两幅不完整的统计图.请你根据统计图提供的信息,解答下列问题:
(1)本次调查中,一共调查了______________名同学;
(2)条形统计图中,m=_________,n=__________;
(3)扇形统计图中,艺术类读物所在扇形的圆心角是多少度?
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(9道)

    选择题:(4道)

    填空题:(8道)

    解答题:(8道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:9

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:11

    9星难题:4