山东省济南市长清区2018-2019学年七年级上学期期中考试数学试卷

适用年级:初一
试卷号:566425

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2018/12/8

1.单选题(共12题)

1.
如果收入150元记作+150元,那么支出100元记作(  )
A.+100元B.+50元C.﹣50元D.﹣100元
2.
下列各对数中,互为相反数的是(  )
A.2和B.﹣0.5和C.﹣3和D.和﹣2
3.
如图,数a,b在数轴上对应位置是A、B,则﹣a,﹣b,a,b的大小关系是(  ) 

A. ﹣a<﹣b<a<b    B. a<﹣b<﹣a<b    C. ﹣b<a<﹣a<b    D. 以上都不对
4.
下列各数中,最小的数是(  )
A.﹣3B.|﹣2|C.(﹣3)2D.﹣32
5.
下列各组数中:①﹣22与22;②(﹣3)2与32;③|﹣2|与﹣|﹣2|;④(﹣3)3与﹣33;⑤﹣3与﹣(+3),其中相等的共有(  )
A.4对B.3对C.2对D.1对
6.
我国“墨子号”量子卫星实现了距离达7600千米的洲际量子密钥分发,这标志着“墨子号”具备了洲际量子保密通信的能力.数字7600用科学记数法表示为(    ).
A.0.76×104B.7.6×103C.7.6×104D.76×102
7.
两个有理数的积为负数,和也为负数,那么这两个数( )
A.都是负数B.互为相反数
C.绝对值较大的数是正数,另一个是负数D.绝对值较大的数是负数,另一个是正数
8.
在下列各式:ab,,ab2+b+1,﹣9,x3+x2﹣3中,多项式有(  )
A.2个B.3个C.4个D.5个
9.
用一个平面去截一个几何体,得到的截面是四边形,这个几何体可能是()
A.圆锥B.圆柱C.球体D.以上都有可能
10.
如图,是一个正方形盒子的展开图,若要在展开后的其中的三个正方形A、B、C内分别填入适当的数,使得展开图折成正方体后相对的面上的两个数互为相反数,则填入正方形A、B、C内的三个数依次为(  )

A. 1,﹣2,0    B. 0,﹣2,1    C. ﹣2,0,1    D. ﹣2,1,0
11.
如图是一个运算程序的示意图,若开始输入x的值为81,则第2014次输出的结果为()
A.3B.27C.9D.1
12.
如图所示的几何体,它的俯视图是( )
A.B.C.D.

2.选择题(共3题)

13.阅读理解

    Knowing how much her own children loved presents at Christmas, Ann Sutton always tried to seek help for one or two poor families. With a social worker mother, the Sutton children had inherited her commitment to service, and knew never to take their good fortune at Christmas for granted. This year, Kinzie, her seven-year-old daughter was thrilled that Santa Claus would make a special visit to a 22-year-old mother named Ashley who worked in a factory raising her 12-month-old son by herself.

    The phone rang on Sunday. A representative from a local organization was calling to say that the aid Ann had requested for Ashley had fallen through. No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing.

    Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children's faces at the news. Without a word, Kinzie ran into her bedroom. She returned, her face set with determination. Opening up her piggy bank, she put all the coins onto the table: $3.30. Everything she had.

    “Mom,” she told Ann, “I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a present for the baby.”

    At a breakfast meeting the next day, Ann told her coworkers about her daughter's story. To her surprise, staff members began to open their purses and empty their pockets to help Kinzie. By day's end, the story of Kinzie's gift had spread beyond Ann's office. She received a call from an unknown donor. If a seven-year-old could give everything she had, he said, he should at least match her gift 100 to 1. He contributed $300.

    On Christmas Eve, Ann drove through the pouring rain to the small trailer where the Ashleys lived. Then she began to unload the gifts from the car, handing them to Ashley one by one.

    Ashley was very moved. Reflecting on a little girl's generosity, Ashley says she'll one day be able to do something similar for someone else in need. “Kinzie could have used that money for herself, but she gave it away,” Ashley says. “She's the type of kid I'd like my son to grow up to be.”

14.阅读理解

    Knowing how much her own children loved presents at Christmas, Ann Sutton always tried to seek help for one or two poor families. With a social worker mother, the Sutton children had inherited her commitment to service, and knew never to take their good fortune at Christmas for granted. This year, Kinzie, her seven-year-old daughter was thrilled that Santa Claus would make a special visit to a 22-year-old mother named Ashley who worked in a factory raising her 12-month-old son by herself.

    The phone rang on Sunday. A representative from a local organization was calling to say that the aid Ann had requested for Ashley had fallen through. No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing.

    Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children's faces at the news. Without a word, Kinzie ran into her bedroom. She returned, her face set with determination. Opening up her piggy bank, she put all the coins onto the table: $3.30. Everything she had.

    “Mom,” she told Ann, “I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a present for the baby.”

    At a breakfast meeting the next day, Ann told her coworkers about her daughter's story. To her surprise, staff members began to open their purses and empty their pockets to help Kinzie. By day's end, the story of Kinzie's gift had spread beyond Ann's office. She received a call from an unknown donor. If a seven-year-old could give everything she had, he said, he should at least match her gift 100 to 1. He contributed $300.

    On Christmas Eve, Ann drove through the pouring rain to the small trailer where the Ashleys lived. Then she began to unload the gifts from the car, handing them to Ashley one by one.

    Ashley was very moved. Reflecting on a little girl's generosity, Ashley says she'll one day be able to do something similar for someone else in need. “Kinzie could have used that money for herself, but she gave it away,” Ashley says. “She's the type of kid I'd like my son to grow up to be.”

15.阅读理解

    Knowing how much her own children loved presents at Christmas, Ann Sutton always tried to seek help for one or two poor families. With a social worker mother, the Sutton children had inherited her commitment to service, and knew never to take their good fortune at Christmas for granted. This year, Kinzie, her seven-year-old daughter was thrilled that Santa Claus would make a special visit to a 22-year-old mother named Ashley who worked in a factory raising her 12-month-old son by herself.

    The phone rang on Sunday. A representative from a local organization was calling to say that the aid Ann had requested for Ashley had fallen through. No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing.

    Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children's faces at the news. Without a word, Kinzie ran into her bedroom. She returned, her face set with determination. Opening up her piggy bank, she put all the coins onto the table: $3.30. Everything she had.

    “Mom,” she told Ann, “I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a present for the baby.”

    At a breakfast meeting the next day, Ann told her coworkers about her daughter's story. To her surprise, staff members began to open their purses and empty their pockets to help Kinzie. By day's end, the story of Kinzie's gift had spread beyond Ann's office. She received a call from an unknown donor. If a seven-year-old could give everything she had, he said, he should at least match her gift 100 to 1. He contributed $300.

    On Christmas Eve, Ann drove through the pouring rain to the small trailer where the Ashleys lived. Then she began to unload the gifts from the car, handing them to Ashley one by one.

    Ashley was very moved. Reflecting on a little girl's generosity, Ashley says she'll one day be able to do something similar for someone else in need. “Kinzie could have used that money for herself, but she gave it away,” Ashley says. “She's the type of kid I'd like my son to grow up to be.”

3.填空题(共6题)

16.
若|a﹣5|+(b+2)2=0,则a+b=_____.
17.
计算:|﹣5|=__.
18.
数轴上与-1的距离等于3个单位长度的点所表示的数为__________ .
19.
某潜艇从海平面以下27米上升到海平面以下18米,此潜艇上升了_____米.
20.
“x的5倍与y的和”可以表示为_____.
21.
单项式﹣的系数是_____,次数是_____.

4.解答题(共10题)

22.
在数轴上表示下列各数,并用“<”把它们连接起来.
3,﹣,﹣2.5,1.
23.
已知a,b互为相反数,m,n互为倒数,x的绝对值等于3.
(1)由题意可得,a﹣b= ,mn= ,x=
(2)求多项式2x2﹣(a+b+mn)x+(a+b)2018+(﹣mn)2018的值.
24.
如图A在数轴上所对应的数为﹣2.
(1)点B在点A右边距A点4个单位长度,求点B所对应的数;
(2)在(1)的条件下,点A以每秒2个单位长度沿数轴向左运动,点B以每秒2个单位长度沿数轴向右运动,当点A运动到﹣6所在的点处时,求AB两点间距离.
(3)在(2)的条件下,现A点静止不动,B点沿数轴向左运动时,经过多长时间AB两点相距4个单位长度.
25.
计算:
(1)45+(﹣30);
(2)(﹣8)﹣(﹣1);
(3)(﹣2)+(+5)﹣(+6)﹣(﹣7);
(4)1﹣(﹣2
26.
计算:
(1)﹣24×(﹣);
(2)7×(﹣)÷(﹣
(3)(﹣1)3×5÷(﹣32+22
27.
一名足球守门员练习折返跑,从球门线出发,向前记作正数,返回记作负数,他的记录如下:(单位:米)+5,-3,+10,-8,-6,+12,-10.
(1)守门员最后是否回到了球门线的位置?
(2)在练习过程中,守门员离开球门线最远距离是多少米?
(3)守门员全部练习结束后,他共跑了多少米?
28.
如图,在一张长方形纸条上画一条数轴.

(1)若折叠纸条,数轴上表示﹣3的点与表示5的点重合,则折痕与数轴的交点表示的数为
(2)若将此纸条沿图中虚线处剪开,将中间的一段纸条对折,使其左右两端重合,这样连续对折2次后,再将其展开,则最左端的折痕和最右端的折痕与数轴的交点表示的数分别是
(3)如果该数轴上的两个点表示的数为a和b,经过对折,两点恰好重合,则折痕与数轴的交点表示的数为 ;(用含a,b的代数式表示).
29.
用火柴棒按照如图示的方式摆图形.

(1)请根据图填写下表:
 图形编号
 1
2
 3
 4
5

 火柴棒根数
 7
 
 
 
 

 
(2)第n个图形需要多少根火柴棒(用含n的代数式表示)
30.
如图A在数轴上对应的数为-2.
(1)点B在点A右边距离A点4个单位长度,则点B所对应的数是_____.
(2)在(1)的条件下,点A以每秒2个单位长度沿数轴向左运动,点B以每秒3个单位长度沿数轴向右运动.现两点同时运动,当点A运动到-6的点处时,求A、B两点间的距离.
(3)在(2)的条件下,现A点静止不动,B点以原速沿数轴向左运动,经过多长时间A、B两点相距4个单位长度.
31.
画出所搭几何体的三视图.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(12道)

    选择题:(3道)

    填空题:(6道)

    解答题:(10道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:11

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:7

    9星难题:9