2014届湖北省荆州市高三质量检查文综地理试卷(带解析)

适用年级:高三
试卷号:478124

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2014/3/25

1.综合题(共4题)

1.
( 10 分)【环境保护】
秸秆是一种重要的资源,但受多种因素的影响,一些农民在野外焚烧秸秆,带来了一系列环境问题。据2013年6月12日发布的全国秸秆焚烧遥感监测结果知,该日河南出现84个焚烧火点,安徽为74个,其中不乏在禁烧区的火点(如下图)。据近几年遥感监测结果分析可知,除河南、安徽外,每年6月江苏、山东等省区焚烧秸秆的火点也很多。
 
(1)根据材料,从农业生产的角度简要说明6月份焚烧秸秆火点分布特征及其原因。(4分)
(2)在野外焚烧秸秆会产生哪些问题? ( 6 分)
2.
磴口县位于黄河附近。下图为磴口县地理位置及其气候资料图。(24分)

(1)一年中,磴口县5月份太阳辐射量最大,试分析原因。(4分)
(2)磴口县被称为“中国油葵之乡”,根据图中信息和所学知识,推测油葵的生长习性并说明理由。(12分)
(3)磴口县准备兴建风力发电站,试评价磴口县发展风电的条件。(8分)
3.
阅读图文材料,回答下列问题。(8分)
材料一 鄂毕河流域位于俄罗斯西西伯利亚平原,河流比降极小,每千米落差只有l—10cm。河流水流缓慢,河床弯曲,在宽阔的河漫滩回旋。甲图为鄂毕河及其附近地理事物分布图,图乙为鄂毕河流域图。

材料二  鄂毕河径流量年内分配状况
径流量年内分配
3—6 月
7—8 月
9—11 月
12—次年2月
45 %—50%
20%—30 %
15%—20%
5%—10%
(1)图甲中南部工业区是俄罗斯以重工业和军事工业为主的新工业区。根据图中信息,分析该工业区形成的有利条件。(4分)
(2)根据材料和所学知识推测鄂毕河有哪些补给来源,并说明依据。(12分)
(3)图示区域沼泽广布,分析其形成原因。(6分)
4.
(10分)【 旅游地理 】
材料一 下图为长沙、郴州、张家界旅游经济圈示意田。温泉旅游是三地共同发展的新兴休闲旅游项目

材料二 张家界位于湖南省西北部,集自然景观、人文景观于一体,被评为全国重点风景名胜区,界内温泉旅游资源丰富。
结合材料及所学知识分析张家界发展温泉旅游的优势与劣势。

2.选择题(共10题)

5.

阅读理解

    An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather. Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes.

    Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20 tiny houses. Several are on the roadside near an active railroad. On a recent day, Mr. Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young. The two men hug. Inside his little shelter Mr. Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets. Mr. Kloehn also visits Sweet-Pea, another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built. She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.

    In the mornings, Mr. Kloehn searches the streets for building materials. He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio. There, he puts the houses together. Empty coffee bags become roof material. A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows. Nails, screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together. The artist also attaches a small electrical device to the house. The device is powered by the sun.

    Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own. But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.

    Mr. Kloehn says his work is not a social project. He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors.

6.

假如你叫李华,你的笔友John来信告诉你他想成为一名职业(professional)足球运动员,并询问你未来想从事的职业,请给他回一封邮件。要点:1.你想从事老师的职业及原因;2.为了梦想你在做哪些努力;3.其他想和他交流的内容。

注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头与结尾为你写好,不计入总词数。

Dear John,

    I'm so pleased to receive your last letter.


Yours,

Li Hua

7.

假如你叫李华,你的笔友John来信告诉你他想成为一名职业(professional)足球运动员,并询问你未来想从事的职业,请给他回一封邮件。要点:1.你想从事老师的职业及原因;2.为了梦想你在做哪些努力;3.其他想和他交流的内容。

注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头与结尾为你写好,不计入总词数。

Dear John,

    I'm so pleased to receive your last letter.


Yours,

Li Hua

8.

阅读理解

    I still clearly remember that day. I was on the side of the road for about four hours with my big jeep. I put signs in the windows that said,“Need a jack (千斤顶).”

    As I was about to give up, a truck stopped and a man got off. He looked at the situation, made a judgment and went back to take a jack. After about two hours, we finished the job with sweats. We were both dirty. His wife took a large bottle of water for us to wash our hands.

    I tried to put $20 in the man's hand, but he wouldn't take it, so I went to give it to his wife quietly. I asked their little girl where they lived. She said they lived in Mexico. They were in Oregon now, so Mommy and Daddy could pick cherries for the next few weeks. After that, they were going to pick peaches and then go home.

    After I said goodbye and started going back to my jeep, the girl ran to me and handed me a tamale(玉米粽子)for lunch. I thanked them again and walked back to my jeep. When I opened the tamale, what did I find inside? My $20! I ran to the truck and the guy rolled down his window. He started shaking his head, smiled and  said in English“Today you, tomorrow me. ” Then he drove away, with his daughter waving to me from the back.

    This family, working on a seasonal basis where time is money, took a couple of hours to help a stranger while others passed by quietly.

    Since then I've helped many people like the Mexican family. I didn't accept their money. Every time I was able to help, I felt as if I was putting something in the bank.

9.

阅读理解

    I still clearly remember that day. I was on the side of the road for about four hours with my big jeep. I put signs in the windows that said,“Need a jack (千斤顶).”

    As I was about to give up, a truck stopped and a man got off. He looked at the situation, made a judgment and went back to take a jack. After about two hours, we finished the job with sweats. We were both dirty. His wife took a large bottle of water for us to wash our hands.

    I tried to put $20 in the man's hand, but he wouldn't take it, so I went to give it to his wife quietly. I asked their little girl where they lived. She said they lived in Mexico. They were in Oregon now, so Mommy and Daddy could pick cherries for the next few weeks. After that, they were going to pick peaches and then go home.

    After I said goodbye and started going back to my jeep, the girl ran to me and handed me a tamale(玉米粽子)for lunch. I thanked them again and walked back to my jeep. When I opened the tamale, what did I find inside? My $20! I ran to the truck and the guy rolled down his window. He started shaking his head, smiled and  said in English“Today you, tomorrow me. ” Then he drove away, with his daughter waving to me from the back.

    This family, working on a seasonal basis where time is money, took a couple of hours to help a stranger while others passed by quietly.

    Since then I've helped many people like the Mexican family. I didn't accept their money. Every time I was able to help, I felt as if I was putting something in the bank.

10.

假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间相互修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear David,

    Long time no see! I miss you very much.

 I'm writing to express my thank for your help during the seven-day summer camp. I have made a great progress in my English by communicating to you. What is more, while visit some tourist attractions, you volunteer to be my guide and showed me a lot of American culture, it has broadened my horizons. Not only have I learn a lot about American culture, but also I have made good American friends. It was really a wonderful experience!

     By the way, would you like to join the summer camp in China the next year? I'd like to your guide and you can experience any Chinese culture and customs. I am sure you will have a great time.

    I am looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely.

Li Hua

11.

阅读理解

   The Healthy Habits Survey(调查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding:A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step:Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding:Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step:We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3.How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding:Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step:Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.

12.

阅读理解

   The Healthy Habits Survey(调查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding:A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step:Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding:Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step:We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3.How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding:Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step:Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.

13.

语法填空

    In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice-bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

    Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (create) special design.

    The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

    Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, {#blank#}7{#/blank#} lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (be) too violent for use at the table.

    Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat {#blank#}10{#/blank#} their hands.

14. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe?

· Finding:Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 times a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day - half of the number doctors advise.

· Step:We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day - often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most importantly, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.

3.单选题(共5题)

15.

   下图是11月某日某时气压状况分布图。读图回答下列问题。


【小题1】下列有关该日西安天气特征的叙述,不正确的是
A.以晴朗天气为主B.昼夜温差较大
C.夜晚不可能出现霜冻现象D.盛行下沉气流
【小题2】若A天气系统加强,预计三天内到达乌鲁木齐,下列叙述可能的是
A.乌鲁木齐即将出现连续性降水和升温天气
B.乌鲁木齐风速有变小的趋势
C.乌鲁木齐的风向将逐渐转为偏南风
D.三日内乌鲁木齐风速变化大
16.

   吴先生在株洲(28°N , 113°E ) 工作,在7月份某天早晨8点(北京时间)当他走进单位大门时,发现自己的影子落在正前方。回答下列问题。


【小题1】单位大楼有甲、乙、丙、丁四个大门,吴先生走进的大门可能是哪一个?(   )
A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁
【小题2】吴先生走进的大门约在地方时几点时结束阳光照射?(   )
A.13:32B.13: 48C.14:00D.14: 32
17.
下图为岛屿城市发展过程示意图。根据所学知识及下图,回答下面小题。

【小题1】冬季,岛屿西侧海峡风浪很大,下列原因中不正确的是
A.冬季南北温差大,气压差大.风力大B.下垫面为海洋,摩擦力小,风力大
C.海峡内的洋流加大海水流速D.海峡两岸地形的狭管效应加大风速
【小题2】图中大河的河口处均没有形成大城市.其主要原因是
A.河流短促湍急,航运条件差B.台风频率高,易形成风暴潮
C.降水少,河流径流量小D.泥沙淤积严重,不利于建设港口
【小题3】从 1950 年到 1989 年,该地区城市发展的特征是
A.东部地区发展快,西部地区发展慢B.从分散到集中,出现城市群
C.大城市增长快,中小城市增长慢D.中部地区城市发展最快
18.
读中国高铁“四横四纵”客运专线布局示意图。回答下面小题。

【小题1】京广、京沪、哈大、郑西是我国已经建成通车的四条高铁,若从自然因素考虑,这四条高铁单位长度工程量最小、造价最低的是
A.京广高铁B.京沪高铁C.哈大高铁D.郑西高铁
【小题2】哈大高铁的部分区域使用“以桥带路”,其原因可能不包括哪一项?
A.克服冻土对铁路建设的不利影响B.节约耕地资源
C.克服沿线的地形障碍D.跨越河流
19.
(自然灾害与防治)
读我国某种自然灾害的影响力指数分布示意图,回答问题。

(1)指出自然灾害的名称并据图说出该灾害影响力指数分布的特点。
(2)试分析该自然灾害可能会带来哪些有利影响?
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(4道)

    选择题:(10道)

    单选题:(5道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:1

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:8