2018-2019学年人教版八年级上册地理 3.3水资源 同步测试

适用年级:初二
试卷号:458032

试卷类型:课时练习
试卷考试时间:2018/10/11

1.选择题(共15题)

1.
解决水资源时间分配不均的主要办法是
A.节约用水B.防治水污染
C.兴修水库D.跨流域调水
2.
(题文)近几十年来,我国兴建了许多水利工程,以弥补缺水地区的用水不足。兴建南水北调工程的主要目的是缓解我国水资源哪方面的问题(   )
A.东部多西部少B.年际变化大C.季节分配不均匀D.地区分布不均衡
3.
下图为我国的什么标志:
A.节水标志B.绿色食品标志
C.环境标志D.绿色材料标志
4.
解决我国水资源不足的途径中,我们能积极直接参与的是(   )
A.跨流域调水B.节约用水,防治水污染
C.修建水库D.淡化海水
5.
我国缺水最严重的地区的是:
A.新疆地区B.四川盆地C.华北地区D.云贵高原
6.
在自然界中对人类有利用价值的土地、阳光、矿产、森林、水和水能等都是自然资源。有关我国水资源的叙述不正确的是(  )
A.在时间分配上,具有夏秋多、冬春少和年际变化大的特点
B.在地区分布上,具有东多西少,南多北少的特点
C.修建水库可以解决水资源地区分布不均的问题
D.引黄济青工程可以缓解青岛市用水紧张的状况
7.
解决水资源空间分布不均的措施是(   )
A.植树造林B.建防洪大堤C.跨流域调水D.兴修水库
8.
山东省水资源总量仅占全国水资源总量的1.09%,进入2015年6月干旱更为严重。为应对水资源短缺的问题,某校八年级学生提出以下建议,其中不合理的是(   )
A.跨流域调水B.改变灌溉方式,推广滴灌、喷灌技术
C.大量开采地下水D.节约用水,防治水污染
9.
下图是哪一项资源利用的标记 
A.节电标记B.节水标记 
C.节能标记D.节地标记
10.

阅读理解

    Great speakers are not born but made. You too can become a good orator by taking up the public speaking courses. Those who are incapable of speaking in front of the public can't come up in their life. The art of public speaking must be practiced by everybody who wants to reach great heights in their career. A lot of public speaking courses are available on the Internet. Choosing the best course that is right for you may be difficult but not impossible.

    The basic motive of public speaking courses should be to train you to become a public speaker and improve your skills of delivering a public speech. The course should first educate you with the principles of public speaking and tell you how to overcome stress and anxiety. By overcoming fear, you will be able to deliver your presentation clearly to your audience.

    A speaker can have a great influence on the audience with his body language and your public speaking course should tell you the gestures on stage that can attract the audience. Non-verbal communication also has a major role to play in delivering a speech effectively to a group. Though body language is important, the content and the natural use of words are what the audience are closely caring about. Public speaking courses should give tips in using the right words at the right time.

    Even though you have prepared well, the real success of public speaking lies in the way your speech is delivered. Public speaking courses will train you to present the contents in a lively manner impressing the audience. Your presentation should be professional and stylish. You can add humor or interactive sessions (互动环节) to your presentation to gain the audience attraction.

11.

阅读理解

    Great speakers are not born but made. You too can become a good orator by taking up the public speaking courses. Those who are incapable of speaking in front of the public can't come up in their life. The art of public speaking must be practiced by everybody who wants to reach great heights in their career. A lot of public speaking courses are available on the Internet. Choosing the best course that is right for you may be difficult but not impossible.

    The basic motive of public speaking courses should be to train you to become a public speaker and improve your skills of delivering a public speech. The course should first educate you with the principles of public speaking and tell you how to overcome stress and anxiety. By overcoming fear, you will be able to deliver your presentation clearly to your audience.

    A speaker can have a great influence on the audience with his body language and your public speaking course should tell you the gestures on stage that can attract the audience. Non-verbal communication also has a major role to play in delivering a speech effectively to a group. Though body language is important, the content and the natural use of words are what the audience are closely caring about. Public speaking courses should give tips in using the right words at the right time.

    Even though you have prepared well, the real success of public speaking lies in the way your speech is delivered. Public speaking courses will train you to present the contents in a lively manner impressing the audience. Your presentation should be professional and stylish. You can add humor or interactive sessions (互动环节) to your presentation to gain the audience attraction.

12.
新华网北京12月12日电,从权威部门获悉,备受关注的南水北调中线一期工程12日正式通水,北京、天津、河北、河南4个省市沿线约6000万人将直接喝上水质优良的汉江水,间接惠及人口近1亿。南水北调中线工程从丹江口水库陶岔渠首闸引水,沿线开挖渠道,经唐白河流域西部过长江流域与淮河流域的分水岭方城垭口,沿黄淮海平原西部边缘,在郑州以西李村附近穿过黄河,沿京广铁路西侧北上,可基本自流到北京、天津,线路全长1432公里。读材料和图,完成下面小题。

【小题1】南水北调工程主要是为了解决地区的缺水的问题(  )
A.西北B.东北C.华北D.西南
【小题2】图中的“中线干渠”,经过的省级行政区有个(  )
A.3   B.4   C.5   D.6
【小题3】南水北调中线工程和东线工程相比,最大的优势在于(  )
A.基本不需要借助抽水站,可以自流到北京、天津 B.运水渠道可以绕过黄河
C.有现成的运水渠道D.山东也能受益于中线运水工程
【小题4】为减少中线从丹江口水库调水后对汉江中下游的影响,修建“引江济汉”等生态建设工程;这里“引江济汉”工程中的“江”是指(  )
A.黑龙江B.珠江C.长江D.汉江
13.
为解决我国水资源供应紧张的矛盾,作为学生我们首先应做到的是(  )
A.治理水污染B.节约用水C.开采地下水D.人工降雨
14.

   我国江南某镇近年来工业发展较快,但当地政府缺乏可持续发展观念.结合漫画图,回答下题.


【小题1】造成图中现象的原因不可能是(  )
A.水污染B.属于干旱地区,年降水量少C.水浪费D.降水季节分配不均
【小题2】为防止这种现象发生,可采取的措施有(  )
A.合理用地   B.南水北调   C.建污水处理厂   D.增加矿泉水的供应
15.图中甲图是人体心脏剖面图,乙图为某处局部血流示意图。请据图分析回答下列问题。

2.填空题(共5题)

16.
解决水资源季节变化大的措施之一是________。
17.
随着国民经济高速发展,目前我国最缺水的地区是________________
18.
我国缺水最为严重的地区是________地区和________地区。
19.
南水北调东线方案在 ________省穿越黄河。
20.
北京人均水资源占有量为全国人均占有量的________。

3.解答题(共3题)

21.
南水北调工程是世界上规模最大的调水工程,读图回答:

(1)南水北调中线和东线都到达_____平原,与我国南方地区相比,该地区缺水的气候原因是_____.
A.降水集中在冬季,季节变化大
B.降水集中在夏季,年际变化大
C.降水总量较小,年际变化大
D.降水总量较大,季节变化小
 
(2)中线输水路线的水源地是_____,经过湖北省、_____省和_____省,最终抵达北京和天津,中线自南向北沟通了长江、淮河、_____和_____四大水系.
(3)在我国地势的第_____阶梯上正在规划修建西线工程,以补充黄河水源不足,缓解我国西北地区干旱缺水问题.
22.
读图,完成下列问题。

(1)该图反应了我国水资源________(时间、空间)分布不均,我国东部地区的水资源分布特点是________丰________缺,解决这种问题的有效办法是________,例如南水北调工程。   
(2)节约用水、保护水资源是解决我国缺水的重要途径之一。联系生活实际,请写出节水建议:
农业节水方面:
家庭节水方面:
23.
阅读材料,完成下列问题。

材料一 我国水资源总量约27000亿立方米,居世界第六位。但我国水资源的空间分布不均。从我国各大江大河径流分布看,长江、珠江、黑龙江径流量较丰富,而黄河、淮河、海河、辽河径流量较少,水资源十分紧张,形成“三江丰富,四河紧张”的局面。再加上近几十年来人口增长过快,工农业和城市化进程发展较快,更加剧了北方地区水资源紧张的程度。

材料二 漫画“就地取材”。


(1)分析我国北方地区水资源短缺的人为原因。   
(2)漫画“就地取材”反映的主要环境问题是________,产生这种问题的主要原因是________。   
(3)节约用水是解决我国缺水问题的重要途径。谈谈在日常生活中你是怎样节水的。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(15道)

    填空题:(5道)

    解答题:(3道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:0

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:20