2013-2014年山东微山县夏镇一中西校八年级下期期末历史试卷

适用年级:初二
试卷号:411104

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2014/7/17

1.综合题(共2题)

1.
民主与法制是时代发展的必然趋势。阅读材料,回答下列问题。
材料一:

(1)图一中的法典叫什么?图二中的历史人物统治时期雅典民主政治达到极盛,这位历史人物是谁?
材料二:1954年9月,上千名人民代表汇聚一堂,讨论通过了我国第一部社会主义类型的宪法。规定我国坚持人民民主专政,坚持社会主义道路,人民行使权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会,从而确立了我国的根本政治制度。
(2)材料中所提的宪法叫什么?是什么会议通过的?根据材料,结合所学知识回答,我国的根本政治制度是什么?
材料三:我国是一个由56个民族组成的统一的多民族国家。个少数民族人口发展是不平衡的,在地理分布上呈现出大杂居、小聚居的特点。
(3)针对材料三的状况,为保证少数民族人民当家作主,新中国确立的解决民族问题的基本政策是什么?我国先后成立五个省级民族自治区,请列举其中两个。
材料四:改革开放以来,全国人大常委会先后制定通过了《中华人民共和国刑法》《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》《中华人民共和国民法通则》等一批重要法律,初步建立起了以______为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系框架。
(4)材料四中,中国特色社会主义法律体系的核心是什么?为普及九年义务教育,1986年我国颁布了什么法律?
2.
改革是推动历史发展进步的强大动力。每一个国家,每一个民族,要发展进步,就必须与时俱进,勇于改革。阅读材料,回答下列问题。(22分)
材料一:法兰克宫相查理·马特改革了土地制度,改变了以往将土地无偿分给贵族的做法,把土地有条件地分封给贵族。这种分封土地的基础上,产生了西欧的封建制度,形成了封建贵族等级制度,奠定了骑士制度的基础。
(1)根据材料指出,这是法兰克历史上的什么改革?改革有何影响?(6分)
材料二:646年,日本统治者任用一些从中国归来的留学生,针对日本的政治、经济进行了一系列的改革。实行“班田收授法”和租庸调制,建立中央集权体制,中央设二官八省,地方设国、郡、里,由中央派人管理。
(2)根据材料二指出这是日本历史上的什么改革?日本此次改革的学习对象是谁?改革在经济上采取了什么措施?(6分)
材料三:在1978年11月召开的中央工作会议上,邓小平提出改革经济体制的任务,语重心长地告诫全党:“再不实行改革,我们的社会主义事业就会被葬送。”
(3)结合材料指出,我国改革开始的标志是什么?我国经济体制改革在农村推行什么政策?(4分)
材料四:1992年邓小平视察了深圳、珠海、上海等地,他反复讲这样的道理:社会主义的本质是解放生产力,发展生产力,计划和市场都是经济手段。邓小平的南方谈话带来了改革开放的第二个春天。
(4)根据材料指出,邓小平的南方谈话为我国的什么经济体制指明了方向?此后,我国城市国有企业改革的基本方向是什么?(4分)
(5)通过以上问题的探究,你认为改革与社会发展之间有着怎样的关系?(2分)

2.选择题(共41题)

3.
1949年,筹建新中国的会议是
A.中国共产党第七次全国代表大会B.第一届中国人民政治协商会议
C.第一届全国人民代表大会D.中国共产党第八次全国代表大会
4.Which word of the following doesn't have the same stress as the others?
5.
1951年和平解放的地区是
A.北平B.南京C.西藏D.海南岛
6.完形填空

    Although the ability to talk with others comes naturally to some, it is a skill that most of us must develop. With a little 1 even shy people can learn to feel comfortable speaking with anyone.

    Speak2and listen more. People love to speak about themselves. In social situations, be sure3others about their interests, work, opinions, etc. This will take the focus away from you. A side benefit of it is that you will be viewed as a great conversationalist(健谈的人), though you've said little or 4!

    Develop your sense of humor. Begin taking notes of the things 5make you laugh. Pay attention to what others find humorous. You don't have to be a great storyteller in order to make others laugh. As a side benefit, it lets your listeners6you don't take yourself too seriously.

    Know about present events. Even with limited time, you can have a knowledge of 7happening in the world. Pay for a weekly news magazine or8 read the heading(标题) of a daily paper. You can even catch the news online these days.

    Keep your own opinions short. No one is9in hearing you talk too much about your own ideas or achievements. Being brief(简洁的) goes a long way in social situations.

    In sum(总之),10a good listener is half the battle. Having fresh information to share it with a sense of humor is the other.

根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

7.完形填空

    Although the ability to talk with others comes naturally to some, it is a skill that most of us must develop. With a little 1 even shy people can learn to feel comfortable speaking with anyone.

    Speak2and listen more. People love to speak about themselves. In social situations, be sure3others about their interests, work, opinions, etc. This will take the focus away from you. A side benefit of it is that you will be viewed as a great conversationalist(健谈的人), though you've said little or 4!

    Develop your sense of humor. Begin taking notes of the things 5make you laugh. Pay attention to what others find humorous. You don't have to be a great storyteller in order to make others laugh. As a side benefit, it lets your listeners6you don't take yourself too seriously.

    Know about present events. Even with limited time, you can have a knowledge of 7happening in the world. Pay for a weekly news magazine or8 read the heading(标题) of a daily paper. You can even catch the news online these days.

    Keep your own opinions short. No one is9in hearing you talk too much about your own ideas or achievements. Being brief(简洁的) goes a long way in social situations.

    In sum(总之),10a good listener is half the battle. Having fresh information to share it with a sense of humor is the other.

根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

8.
下图是我国自制的第一根无缝钢管,该钢管生产于
A.土地改革时期B.“一五“计划期间
C.“文化大革命”时期D.改革开放新时期
9.阅读理解

    Endangered Wild Animals in China

Picture

Name

Main

Type

Living Area

The Number of Survivors

Giant Panda

Bamboo

Mammal

Sichuan, Shanxi and Gansu Province

Fewer than 1,000

Yangtze River Dolphin

Fish, shrimp

Mammal

Yangtze River

About 20-30

Chinese Alligator

Frog, mussel

Reptile

Yangtze River

About 10

Chinese Tiger

Meat

Mammal

In the East, Central, South and Southwest

About 20

Word Box: endangered 濒危 survivors 幸存者 giant 巨大的 mammal 哺乳动物 alligator 扬子  鳄 mussel 河蚌  reptile 爬行动物 

根据表格所提供的信息选择最佳答案。

10.阅读理解

    Endangered Wild Animals in China

Picture

Name

Main

Type

Living Area

The Number of Survivors

Giant Panda

Bamboo

Mammal

Sichuan, Shanxi and Gansu Province

Fewer than 1,000

Yangtze River Dolphin

Fish, shrimp

Mammal

Yangtze River

About 20-30

Chinese Alligator

Frog, mussel

Reptile

Yangtze River

About 10

Chinese Tiger

Meat

Mammal

In the East, Central, South and Southwest

About 20

Word Box: endangered 濒危 survivors 幸存者 giant 巨大的 mammal 哺乳动物 alligator 扬子  鳄 mussel 河蚌  reptile 爬行动物 

根据表格所提供的信息选择最佳答案。

11.
1964年,周恩来与美国作家斯诺交谈时说:“过去15年终有些事情我们是做对了,但我们的工作中也出现了一些失误。……只有敢于承认自己的缺点和错误,我们才能改正它们。”这里的失误是指
A.土地改革B.“大跃进”和人民公社化运动
C.“文化大革命”D.家庭联产承包责任制
12.阅读理解

    In today's world of modern science and medicine, a more traditional treatment is once again becoming popular -- animal friendship.

    It is now well-known that people with problems such as heart disease or cancer live longer and get better more quickly if they have pets. Keeping pets lowers blood pressure and makes people less worried. Animals are increasingly important in treating older people who have memory loss(损失) and other brain problems. These people often feel nervous and upset. Activities with animals help them improve their physical condition and also give them joy, entertainment and loving friendship.

    Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals. John was a six-year-old boy. He had no physical problems. He just refused to talk. His older cousin, Ned, had a parrot called Sally, and John used to visit it. When he arrived, Net used to say, “Hi, John!” We all know parrots copy what they hear. After a few visits, Sally began saying “Hi, John!” When John came into the room. Then, one day, John turned to the parrot and replied “Hi, Sally!” Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking.

    Another use of animal helpers is in schools. In some cases, they are used to teach children to get on and share with others, and even to teach them about animals.

    If you want to know more about animal helper programs, you can get in touch with organizations like Riding for the Disabled or do a search about animals on the Internet. You don't have to be an animal trainer or a doctor to join in.

根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

13.阅读理解

    In today's world of modern science and medicine, a more traditional treatment is once again becoming popular -- animal friendship.

    It is now well-known that people with problems such as heart disease or cancer live longer and get better more quickly if they have pets. Keeping pets lowers blood pressure and makes people less worried. Animals are increasingly important in treating older people who have memory loss(损失) and other brain problems. These people often feel nervous and upset. Activities with animals help them improve their physical condition and also give them joy, entertainment and loving friendship.

    Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals. John was a six-year-old boy. He had no physical problems. He just refused to talk. His older cousin, Ned, had a parrot called Sally, and John used to visit it. When he arrived, Net used to say, “Hi, John!” We all know parrots copy what they hear. After a few visits, Sally began saying “Hi, John!” When John came into the room. Then, one day, John turned to the parrot and replied “Hi, Sally!” Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking.

    Another use of animal helpers is in schools. In some cases, they are used to teach children to get on and share with others, and even to teach them about animals.

    If you want to know more about animal helper programs, you can get in touch with organizations like Riding for the Disabled or do a search about animals on the Internet. You don't have to be an animal trainer or a doctor to join in.

根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

14.任务型阅读

    We are living in a time when he earth is becoming a “village”. People travel around the world more often than before.

    Spending time in a foreign country is an exciting and life-changing experience. You see different sceneries, tastes different food and meet people with various backgrounds. And the most important thing of all, you explore and even become a part of the local culture.

    However, culture shock may hit you. Things you believe at home may no longer be that way in a foreign country. Not everybody thinks like you or does things the way you've always done. Their tea tastes different. They don't talk loudly in restaurants. Some might not care much about your life, so you may even feel they are sometimes cold. It is not better or worse. It is just different. Then what you can do in a foreign country is to take in the differences. Each time you open up your mind a little more you become a better person.

⑴和⑵小题阅读短文,根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。⑶小题阅读短文,进行同义词转换,每空一词。⑷⑸和⑹小题根据短文内容回答问题。

15.
1978年,中国共产党十一届三中全会确立党的领导核心是
A.***B.周恩来C.邓小平D.江泽民
16.选词填空

sleep  two  regular  importance  suggest  easily  learn  feeling

    There are a number of ways to help improve your memory, so you shouldn't{#blank#}1{#/blank#}sad.

    My first way is that if you want to remember something, you have to review it{#blank#}2{#/blank#}.You may want to go over the material two days after you have{#blank#}3{#/blank#}it, then a week later, then two weeks later, and then a month later. After a month you will find that you can remember the material.

    My second{#blank#}4{#/blank#}is to use a colored pen to highlight(用颜色标出) the important parts on your book. This will help you in two ways. First, it will help you focus on the{#blank#}5{#/blank#}parts when you learn the knowledge. It is always{#blank#}6{#/blank#}than remembering everything.{#blank#}7{#/blank#}this will make reviewing better. When you open your book, the color parts will show you the most important things immediately.

    Another good time for remembering information is in the morning because you have just {#blank#}8{#/blank#}the whole night and your brain is fresh and clear. So it's easy to remember the important information in the morning.

17.选词填空

sleep  two  regular  importance  suggest  easily  learn  feeling

    There are a number of ways to help improve your memory, so you shouldn't{#blank#}1{#/blank#}sad.

    My first way is that if you want to remember something, you have to review it{#blank#}2{#/blank#}.You may want to go over the material two days after you have{#blank#}3{#/blank#}it, then a week later, then two weeks later, and then a month later. After a month you will find that you can remember the material.

    My second{#blank#}4{#/blank#}is to use a colored pen to highlight(用颜色标出) the important parts on your book. This will help you in two ways. First, it will help you focus on the{#blank#}5{#/blank#}parts when you learn the knowledge. It is always{#blank#}6{#/blank#}than remembering everything.{#blank#}7{#/blank#}this will make reviewing better. When you open your book, the color parts will show you the most important things immediately.

    Another good time for remembering information is in the morning because you have just {#blank#}8{#/blank#}the whole night and your brain is fresh and clear. So it's easy to remember the important information in the morning.

18.
1997年写进党章,成为指导我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的光辉旗帜是
A.三民主义B.***思想C.三个代表理论D.邓小平理论
19.Don't give him too much homework. He is just _____ eleven year-old boy.
20.
20世纪70年代,中国在外交领域取得了飞跃性的突破。与下图相关的历史事件是
A.中国恢复在联合国的合法席位B.美国总统尼克松访华
C.中日恢复邦交正常化D.中美正式建交
21.
1955年亚非万隆会议上,中国代表团团长周恩来提出的方针是
A.和平共处B.共同繁荣C.求同存异D.互补互利
22.阅读理解

    Long ago, in a small village of Wakefield lived two farmers, Harry and Peter. Harry was very hard-working while Peter was lazy. Every day Harry got up early and came home late, but Peter walked around for fun.

    One summer there was no rain and he crops were dying. Harry thought, “I must do something to save these crops, or they shall die.” With this problem in mind, he went out to find a river so that he could dig a canal(沟渠) to his field. He walked on and on, feeling tired and thirsty. After a long search, he found a river full of water. He was very happy. He started digging a canal to his field. Until it was noon his wife sent their daughter to bring Harry home for lunch. But Harry did not go. He did not want to leave his work unfinished. He completed his work late at night. He as very satisfied. He went home, had a good meal and fell into a sound sleep.

    Peter did the same. But he was not at all determined. He also started digging a canal to his field but he didn't have his work completed. His field did not get enough water and all his crops died.

    Harry's field would be watered when is was needed. He had a good harvest because of his hard work. So dear friends, please remember that hard work is the key to success.

根据短文内容判断正、误。

23.
被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的是
A.袁隆平B.邓稼先C.王进喜D.董建华
24.假如你是赵雪,美国好友Amy来信询问你的初四生活,并说她最近在汉语学习上遇到一些困难,丧失了信心。请根据以下信息,向她提出你的建议,并期待她很快能树立起信心。

写作要点:

⑴.对Amy的情况感到担心。

⑵.介绍你的初四生活。

①学习方面:上课认真听讲,作业很多,但能按时完成

②课外活动:周五放学参加舞蹈俱乐部,放松身心。

⑶.请对Amy如何树立在汉语学习中的自信心提出你的建议。

Dear Amy,

    I'm glad to receive your letter.


    Look forward to your reply.

Yours,

Zhao Xu

25.假如你是赵雪,美国好友Amy来信询问你的初四生活,并说她最近在汉语学习上遇到一些困难,丧失了信心。请根据以下信息,向她提出你的建议,并期待她很快能树立起信心。

写作要点:

⑴.对Amy的情况感到担心。

⑵.介绍你的初四生活。

①学习方面:上课认真听讲,作业很多,但能按时完成

②课外活动:周五放学参加舞蹈俱乐部,放松身心。

⑶.请对Amy如何树立在汉语学习中的自信心提出你的建议。

Dear Amy,

    I'm glad to receive your letter.


    Look forward to your reply.

Yours,

Zhao Xu

26.
下列属于20世纪70年代中国在空间技术领域取得的成就的是
A.原子弹B.导弹核武器C.氢弹D.人造地球卫星
27.补全对话

A. Does she know your phone number?

B. May I speak to Jennifer, please?

C. Oh, just a moment, please?

D. This is Xiaohai speaking.

E. This is Jennifer speaking.

F. The line is bad.

G. I'm busy these days.

A: Hello!{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

B: May I ask who's calling, please?

A:{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

B: Hi, Xiaohai. I'm sorry, Jennifer is out at the

Moment. May I take a message?

A: Sorry, I can't hear you.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

B: I said if I could take a message for you.

A: Yes, thank you. Could you ask her to call me back this evening?

B:{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

A: Yes, she does, but just in case, it's 85286321.

B:{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Jennifer is coming back.

28.补全对话

A. Does she know your phone number?

B. May I speak to Jennifer, please?

C. Oh, just a moment, please?

D. This is Xiaohai speaking.

E. This is Jennifer speaking.

F. The line is bad.

G. I'm busy these days.

A: Hello!{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

B: May I ask who's calling, please?

A:{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

B: Hi, Xiaohai. I'm sorry, Jennifer is out at the

Moment. May I take a message?

A: Sorry, I can't hear you.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

B: I said if I could take a message for you.

A: Yes, thank you. Could you ask her to call me back this evening?

B:{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

A: Yes, she does, but just in case, it's 85286321.

B:{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Jennifer is coming back.

29.补全对话

A. Does she know your phone number?

B. May I speak to Jennifer, please?

C. Oh, just a moment, please?

D. This is Xiaohai speaking.

E. This is Jennifer speaking.

F. The line is bad.

G. I'm busy these days.

A: Hello!{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

B: May I ask who's calling, please?

A:{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

B: Hi, Xiaohai. I'm sorry, Jennifer is out at the

Moment. May I take a message?

A: Sorry, I can't hear you.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

B: I said if I could take a message for you.

A: Yes, thank you. Could you ask her to call me back this evening?

B:{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

A: Yes, she does, but just in case, it's 85286321.

B:{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Jennifer is coming back.

30.
下列关于金字塔表述有误的是
A.是古代埃及文明重要的历史遗产B.它坐落于尼罗河流域
C.它的建造动用了大量的劳动力D.它是古代埃及法老的辉煌宫殿
31.—I slept three hours last night.

—That's terrible. You know sleep is _____ for good health.

32.—I slept three hours last night.

—That's terrible. You know sleep is _____ for good health.

33.
“中世纪的花朵”、“城市的空气使人自由”,这些发生在
A.古代印度B.古代埃及C.古代欧洲D.古代中国
34.Tom's friends like to do the same things as he _____ .
35.—______was his vacation? 

—It _____ great.

36.
下列不属于古代文明和平交流的是
A.丝绸之路是东西方经济文化交流的桥梁 B.印度人发明的数字被阿拉伯人传达欧洲
C.亚历山大东征,希腊文明传播到东方D.马可·波罗游历中国元朝
37.This room is _____ for 100 people to have a meeting in.
38.
公元前4000年代末。创造世界上最早的文字——楔形文字的是古代的
A.埃及人B.苏美尔人C.印度人D.中国人
39.The road goes _____ the forest(森林).
40.The road goes _____ the forest(森林).
41.The road goes _____ the forest(森林).
42.
马拉松长跑的故事出自哪次战争
A.布匿战争B.希波战争C.伯罗奔尼撒战争D.坎宁之战
43.
我们耳熟能详的《阿里巴巴和四十大盗》出自阿拉伯文化史上一部广为流传的民间故事集。它就是(   )
A.《伊索寓言》B.《古兰经》
C.《特洛伊妇女》D.《一千零一夜》
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(2道)

    选择题:(41道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:9

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:5

    9星难题:4