2009年河北唐山市滦南宋道口中学九年级上册综合测试历史试卷

适用年级:初三
试卷号:394710

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2012/4/19

1.综合题(共2题)

1.
阅读下列材料:
材料一 “事在四方,要在中央。圣人执要,四方来效。” …… “国之所以强者,政也,主所以尊者,权也”“明主之国,有贵臣,无重臣”“欲为其国,必伐其聚(打击结党拉派,聚议朝政者)” ——《韩非子》
材料二 建立任何一类制度的唯一办法……是成立一个君主政府,因为那里的人民的道德如此彻底败坏,以致法律无力去约束他们,这就有必要由一位皇族去建立具有完全的与绝对的某种最高权利,这个最高权力像野马口中带上‘口嚼’,才可以羁勒住它那过分的野心和严重的道德败坏……必须理解:一位君主,尤其是一位新的君主,不能够实践那些被认为是好人应作的所有事情,因为他要保持国家,常常不得不背信弃义,不讲仁慈,悖乎人遂,违反神道。   ——马基雅维利《君主论》
材料三 马克思曾经肯定马基雅维利(1469—1527年)及其后一些近代思想家在国家观上摆脱神学的束缚说,他们“已经用人的眼光来观察国家了,他们都是从理性经验中而不是从神学中引出国家的自然规律。”   ——潘汉典《君主论》译序
回答:
(1)材料一的作者处在什么样的时代,材料反映了他的什么思想?
(2)材料二的作者处在一个什么样的时代,当时的欧洲正在进行着一场什么样的运动?这场运动的核心是什么?
(3)根据材料一、二,概括马基雅维利和韩非子的思想的共同点是什么?
(4)根据材料三,马克思认为马基雅维利的思想的最大的进步意义在哪?这一进步思想韩非子具备吗?请举一列说明?
2.
“自由”作为一种政治理念,其内涵总是在不断受到挑战,自由的历史始终是一个充满了辩论、分歧和斗争的故事。阅读下列材料回答:
 
(1)美国革命是以自由的名义进行的。美国的《独立宣言》写道:“我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的:一切人生来就是平等的。他们被造物主赋予他们固有的不可转让的权利,其中有生命、 自由以及追求幸福的权利……如果遇有任何形式的政府损害这些目的,人民就有权利改变或废除它……”
材料中体现了启蒙思想家的哪些基本思想观点?《独立宣言》的发表有什么意义?
(2)1864年,林肯说:“我们(指内战双方)都宣称为自由而战,但在使用同一词时,我们所指的却不是同一件事。”对于北部来说,自由是“每个人”能够享有“他的劳动成果”;对于南部白人来说,自由意味着做主人的权威和地位一一即拥有“任意处置他人及其劳动成果”的权力。 ——埃里克·方纳的《美国自由的故事》

美国内战期间,交战双方对“自由”的理解各是什么?双方分歧反映的实质问题是什么?图中的《解放宣言》,对整个战局产生了什么影响?

2.选择题(共34题)

3.
14-17世纪的欧洲和中国都产生过许多脍炙人口的文学作品,其中在歌颂反抗斗争精神方面有共同之处的应该是下列的   (  )
①《唐吉诃德》②《西游记》③《红楼梦》④《神曲》
A.①②B.③④C.①③D.②④
4.

Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.  

5.
恩格斯说:“这是一次人类从来没有经历过的最伟大的、进步的变革,是一个需要巨人──在思维能力、热情和性格方面,在多才多艺和学识渊博方面的巨人的时代。”恩格斯所说的“这个时代”是指()
A. 新航路的开辟时期 B. 文艺复兴时期
C. 早期资产阶级革命时期   D. 工业革命时期
6.
图是意大利传教士利玛窦(1552—1610)向明朝皇帝进献的《坤舆万国全图》。该图的绘制的时间应该在(  )
A.新航路开辟前
B.新航路开辟后
C.工业革命时期
D.第二次工业革命时期
7.
观察图,分析下列说法与下图中航线的说法一致的是(  )
A.一个最伟大发现却又是最大错误的远航
B.地圆学说最有力证据的远航
C.一次为实现通往东方的梦想带来了美好的希望的远航
D.第一次从印度满载香料、宝石、丝绸回国的远航
8.

______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.  

9.
比较两幅作品,他们最大的共同点在于都展现了一种(  )
A.蒙昧主义色彩B.浪漫主义色彩
C.现实主义色彩D.人文主义色彩
10.
下列内容与《权利法案》不符的是(  )
A.凡未经国会同意,以国王权威停止法律或停止法律实施之僭越权力,为非法权力
B.除经国会同意外,平时在本王国内征募或维持常备军,皆属违法
C.国会议员之选举应是自由的
D.国王有权为供自己使用而征收金钱
11.
有人说英国资产阶级革命实际上是议会的革命“革命前是国王的议会,革命后是议会的国王”这反映的实质问题是(  )
A.革命后国王由议会产生
B.革命后国王和议会共同掌权
C.革命后国王处于统而不治的地位
D.革命后国王成为议会的成员之一
12.
在美国历史上被誉为“开国元勋”和黑奴解放者的两位总统是:
A.华盛顿、林肯B.杰佛逊、杜鲁门
C.罗斯福、里根D.罗斯福、克林顿
13.
在钦命福建巡抚部大中丞徐继畲所著《瀛寰志略》中有这么一段话:“(此公)起事勇于胜广,割据雄于曹刘。既已提三尺剑,开疆万里,乃不僭位号,不传子孙,而创为推举之法,几于天下为公,乎三代之遗意。其治国崇让善俗,不尚武功,亦迥与诸国异。余尝见其画像,气貌雄毅绝伦。呜呼,可不为人杰矣哉!米利坚,合众国以为国,幅员万里,不设王侯之号,不循世袭之礼,公器付之公论,创古今未有之局,一何奇也!泰西古今人物,能不以其为称首哉!”徐继畲所指的这个人物是谁(  )
A.华盛顿B.杰佛逊C.林肯D.斯福
14.
据《纽约时报》9月21日报道,伊拉克内政部对美国“黑水”保安公司在伊拉克涉嫌枪杀平民事件的调查结论是,“黑水”公司保安无缘无故向平民开枪,应为事件负责。但在调查中发现美国在外国的私人保安公司居然享有不受美国法律约束的豁免权。如果按照美国1787年宪法的规定,在这一事件中谁的责任最大( )
A.B.C.D.
15.

I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.  

16.

I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.  

17.
1789年7月14日,巴黎公民史密斯先生在他的日记上写道:今天,①巴士底狱那边出了一件大事②国王把国家机密卖给了普鲁士人③所以按照《刑法典》的规定④雅各宾派准备处死国王。请问,史密斯先生的记载符合史实的是(  )
A.①B.②C.③D.④
18.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A Language Programme for Teenagers

Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.

Our Courses

Regardless of your choice of course, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.

Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.

Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).

Course Type

Days

Number of Lesson

 Course Timetable

Standard Course

Mon-Fri

20 lessons

9:30-12:30

Intensive Course

Mon-Fri

20 lessons

9:30-12:30

20 lessons

13:30-14:30

Evaluation

Student are placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take on online language test before starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.

Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.

Arrivals and Transfer

Our programme offers the full package—students are take good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. Werequire the student's full details at least 4 weeks in advance.

Meals/Allergies(过敏)/Special Dietary Requirements

Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch (which consists of a sandwich, a drink and adessert). Snacks outside of meal times may be purchased by the student individually.

We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of allergies and/ or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.

19.
某国际论坛对网民作了一个题为:谁最能代表你心目中的法国的问卷调查,结果拿破仑高居榜首。拿破仑一生最让他引以为豪的功绩是(  )
A.征服了大半个欧洲B.颁布了《拿破仑法典》
C.成为法兰西帝国皇帝D.亲手缔造第一帝国
20.
1851年的伦敦博览会是英国展出最新工业成果的盛会,陈列的展品中包括()
A.B.C.D.
21.
下图为大家所熟知的泰坦尼克号的模拟图,泰坦尼克意为永不沉没,请问它号称永不沉没依靠的主要动力是(  )
A.风力   B.电力 C.蒸汽 D.人力
22.

阅读短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

        I'm a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.

       My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.

      I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.

       Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.

       Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.


23.
列宁说:马克思、恩格斯是19世纪人类三个最先进的国家中三种主要思潮的继承人和天才完成者。这里三个最先进的国家指(  )
A.英法德B.英法美C.法美德D.英美德
24.
“历史清楚的表明,当时欧洲大陆的经济发展状况还没有成熟到可以铲除资本主义生产方式的程度。历史用经济革命证明了这一点”下列哪一史实可以证明恩格斯的这一评论(   )
A.巴黎公社运动B.美国独立战争C.亚洲的觉醒D.十月革命
25.
图为1873年时期日本明治天皇的照片,从此照片我们能发现日本国内的哪一方面变化(  )
A.革除了封建礼仪B.文明开化
C.殖产兴业D.废藩置县
26.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous(土著的) people. Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. And yet, people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony(殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946. In theory, they should live by the French law is often ignored or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.

        The lives ofthese people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman form Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital, Cayenne.

“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,” says Gin. “I’ve been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I don’t see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”

“I wantedto show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life,” continues Gin. “I prefer to work in black and white, which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”

His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.

27.
被称为20世纪初自然科学史上划时代成就的是(  )
A.电磁感应原理的发现B.物理学相对论的提出
C.万有引力定律的提出D.生物进化学说的提出
28.
作品《自由引导人民》属于(    )
A.浪漫主义B.现实主义
C.印象主义D.现代主义
29.

The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.  

30.
下列各项中,生活在19世纪末的欧洲的人们不可能见到或听到的有(  )
A.看到一起汽车交通事故
B.听说美国纽约街头有了电灯
C.圣诞节期间邻家里的电话铃声不断
D.邻居说他家美国亲戚发来电报告知他们将乘飞机来欧洲旅游
31.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

        Both men and women are living longer thesedays in industrialized countries. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} In general, they can expect to live six or sevenyears more than men. One reason for this is biological.

        One important biological factorthat helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women producehormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart andblood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to diefrom heart attacks.

 

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}  Theyhelp the body defend itselfagainst some kinds of infections. This means that women generally get sick lessoften and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, onaverage, get fewer colds than men.

        {#blank#}4{#/blank#}Scientists are still not exactly sure howinfluence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cellshave a tendency(向) to age more slowlythan a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. However, women, on average, live longer.

B.The biological factor plays an important part.

C.Women are also helped by their female genes.

D.The female hormones also protect the body in another way.

E.Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.

F.Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.

G.Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.

32.
在中国历史上有“得中原者得天下”之说,而在欧洲哪一地区成为近代列强争夺的焦点(  )
A.①B.②C.③D.④
33.

It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.

34.
第一次世界大战中英军受次使用了新式武器(如图)这种新式武器采用当时最先进的科技成果有(  )

①煤炭的广泛应用 ②内燃机的发明与制造 ③炼钢技术的突破 ④石油的广泛运用 ⑤蒸汽机的改进与运用 ⑥炼铁技术的进步
A.①②③B.④⑤⑥C.②③④D.①③⑥
35.
有人说,如果说文艺复兴把神从人们的生活中驱逐出去;哥白尼的《天体运行论》把神从天文学中驱逐出去;17世纪的牛顿把造物主从无生命现象的研究领域驱逐出去。那么,19世纪把造物主从有生命现象的研究领域驱逐出去的是(  )
A.达尔文B.法拉第C.居里夫人D.爱因斯坦
36.
“当立法权和行政权集中在同一个人或同一机关之后,自由便不复存在了;因为人们将要害怕这个国王或议会制定暴虐的法律,并暴虐地执行这些法律。”这段话出自于( )
A.洛克B.伏尔泰C.孟德斯鸠D.卢梭
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(2道)

    选择题:(34道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:3

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:15

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:8

    9星难题:0