人教版2018届九年级上册化学同步练习:第七单元 课题1 燃烧和灭火

适用年级:初三
试卷号:320110

试卷类型:课时练习
试卷考试时间:2018/1/18

1.单选题(共9题)

1.
下列常见图标中与燃烧爆炸无关的是( )
A.AB.BC.CD.D
2.
下列关于燃烧的说法正确的是( )
A.燃烧一定有发光、放热现象
B.有发光、放热现象的一定是燃烧
C.燃烧时一定有火焰产生
D.燃烧时一定有气体放出
3.
下列关于燃烧现象的解释不正确的是( )

A. 图a中火柴头垂直向上燃烧时容易填灭,是因为热空气增大了火柴梗的着火点
B. 图a中火柴头斜向下时更易燃烧,因为火柴梗不断被加热和受到热气流带来空气的助燃
C. 图b中蜡烛火焰很快熄灭,是因为金属丝圏吸收热量,温度降低到蜡烛着火点以下
D. 煤球制成蜂窝煤后燃烧更剧烈是因为增大了煤与氧气的接触面积
4.
下列用化学知识解释“火上浇油”的说法合理的是()
A.增加易燃物,可以使燃烧更旺
B.增大氧气浓度,可以使燃烧更旺
C.降低可燃物的着火点,达到灭火的目的
D.清除可燃物,达到灭火的目的
5.
掌握一些安全知识和紧急灭火措施,能减少或避免火灾,下列做法正确的是()
A.电器着火,迅速切断电源
B.沼气池清理作业前进行灯火试验
C.室内起火,迅速打开所有门窗通风
D.夜间发现液化气泄漏,开灯进行检查
6.
用下图所示装置探究燃烧的条件,有关该实验的说法正确的是
A.该实验只能得出燃烧需要氧气这一结论
B.该实验使用了相同的可燃物
C.该实验现象是铜片上的白磷不燃烧,红磷燃烧
D.该实验说明燃烧需要达到可燃物的着火点
7.
小明旅游时经常使用一种用纸代替金属材料制成的锅煮面,轻便易携带,你觉得煮面时纸锅不会被烧掉的原因是()
A.纸锅的着火点很高
B.面汤使纸锅的着火点升高了
C.面汤隔绝了氧气使纸锅不能燃烧
D.加热时面汤蒸发吸热使纸锅温度达不到其着火点
8.
在日常生活中,将火柴划燃后使火焰朝上,竖直火柴,火柴不易燃烧的原因是(  )
A.氧气不足B.不易达到火柴杆着火点
C.火柴杆的着火点太高D.空气不足
9.
下列灭火方法与隔绝氧气无关的是
A. 森林大火时设置一条隔离带     B. 用CO2灭火器灭火
C. 用锅盖盖灭着火的油锅   D. 用灯帽盖灭酒精灯

2.选择题(共4题)

10.

七选五

    Nail-biting(咬指甲) is one of the most common annoying habits in children. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But you needn't worry too much and as soon as you realize what's causing nail-biting, you can help your child overcome and stop it. So, here's what you can do about it.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}In some cases, children won't even realize they are biting their nails, let alone know why they are doing it. So make sure you have a conversation with your child (if he/she is old enough) and make him/her realize he/she is doing it and try to figure out why it's happening.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} It's important to agree on the level of your involvement. If he/she wants help, create a secret reminder that will make him/her stop without embarrassing him/her.

    Give alternatives (替代物).{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Depending on the age of the child, there are several things that you can offer such as a small ball, Play-Doh games, or any kind of other small toys.

    Use bitter solutions(溶液). Forcing a child to keep this solution on his/her fingers may feel like a punishment.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Everything else will only lead to embarrassment and discouragement. Furthermore, some of these solutions contain pepper which burns if it enters a child's mouth or eyes. But if you have an adolescent child who wants to quit biting his/her nails, you may suggest and try out this solution.

A.It's also likely to continue as the child grows up.

B.Help the child become aware of the habit.

C.You should also consider asking for professional help.

D.Make an agreement on how you're going to stop it together.

E.The best thing children can do is communicate with their parents.

F.The child needs to go through the process painlessly and in agreement with you.

G.That will keep his/her hands occupied when he/she is likely to bite his/her nails.

11.

七选五

    Nail-biting(咬指甲) is one of the most common annoying habits in children. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But you needn't worry too much and as soon as you realize what's causing nail-biting, you can help your child overcome and stop it. So, here's what you can do about it.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}In some cases, children won't even realize they are biting their nails, let alone know why they are doing it. So make sure you have a conversation with your child (if he/she is old enough) and make him/her realize he/she is doing it and try to figure out why it's happening.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} It's important to agree on the level of your involvement. If he/she wants help, create a secret reminder that will make him/her stop without embarrassing him/her.

    Give alternatives (替代物).{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Depending on the age of the child, there are several things that you can offer such as a small ball, Play-Doh games, or any kind of other small toys.

    Use bitter solutions(溶液). Forcing a child to keep this solution on his/her fingers may feel like a punishment.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Everything else will only lead to embarrassment and discouragement. Furthermore, some of these solutions contain pepper which burns if it enters a child's mouth or eyes. But if you have an adolescent child who wants to quit biting his/her nails, you may suggest and try out this solution.

A.It's also likely to continue as the child grows up.

B.Help the child become aware of the habit.

C.You should also consider asking for professional help.

D.Make an agreement on how you're going to stop it together.

E.The best thing children can do is communicate with their parents.

F.The child needs to go through the process painlessly and in agreement with you.

G.That will keep his/her hands occupied when he/she is likely to bite his/her nails.

12.下列与实验有关的说法,正确的是(    )
13.下列与实验有关的说法,正确的是(    )

3.多选题(共1题)

14.
如图往容器内吹入一定量的空气,发生燃爆现象:硬纸板随热气流冲高,蜡烛熄灭.下列说法不正确的是()
A.发生燃爆后体系的温度升高,氧气耗尽蜡烛熄灭
B.蜡烛熄灭时因为蜡烛的着火点改变了
C.在有限的作业空间,可燃性粉尘遇明火一定会发生燃爆
D.实验用的容器可用废旧矿泉水瓶,但不能用玻璃瓶

4.填空题(共6题)

15.
可燃物在_______的空间内______地燃烧,就会在短时间内_______大量的热,使气体的体积__________而引起爆炸。
16.
常见灭火器
(1)干粉灭火器,除可用来扑灭一般失火外,还可用来扑灭___________等燃烧引起的失火;
(2)二氧化碳灭火器,可用来扑灭_______、_______、贵重设备、精密仪器等引起的失火;
(3)____________灭火器,可用来扑灭非水溶性可燃性液体,如_______、_______等以及固体材料,如_______、_______等引起的失火。
17.
燃烧是指________物与________发生的一种_______、_____的剧烈的_______反应。
18.
燃烧的条件:需要同时满足①_______;②与______(或空气)接触;③达到燃烧所需的_________(也叫着火点)。
19.
灭火的原理:①__________________; ②________________;③_______________。
20.
依据下图进行实验(夹持仪器略去)。实验过程:
①通入,点燃酒精灯,一段时间后,a、b中均无明显现象;
②熄灭酒精灯,立即改通,a中无明显现象,b中红磷燃烧。

(1)实验过程②中,红磷燃烧的化学方程式为
(2)实验过程②中,对比a、b中的实验现象,可知可燃物燃烧的条件之一是    
(3)实验过程中,能说明可燃物燃烧需要氧气的实验是
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(9道)

    选择题:(4道)

    多选题:(1道)

    填空题:(6道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:9

    9星难题:0