2011年初中毕业升学考试(山东菏泽卷)化学

适用年级:初三
试卷号:310257

试卷类型:中考真题
试卷考试时间:2011/10/29

1.简答题(共1题)

1.
向202克硫酸铜溶液中加入一定量铁粉恰好完全反应,经过滤、烘干,得到干燥的固体物质16克。试求:原加入的铁粉质量是多少?最后得到溶液的溶质质量分数是多少?

2.单选题(共6题)

2.
在一定条件下,在一个密闭容器内发生某反应,测得反应过程中各物质的质量如
下表所示,下列说法错误的是    (  )
A.该反应是分解反应
B.a、d两种物质中元素种类一定与b物质中元素种类相同
C.c物质可能是该反应的催化剂
D.反应中a、d的质量比为1︰4
3.
推理是化学学习中常用的思维方法。下列推理正确的是……()
A.氧化物中都含有氧元素,所以含氧元素的化合物一定是氧化物
B.中和反应生成盐和水,所以生成盐和水的反应一定是中和反应
C.单质中只含一种元素,所以一种元素只能形成一种单质
D.在金属活动性顺序里,位于氢前面的金属能置换出盐酸中的氢,所以铅能和盐酸反应
4.
食品安全与人的健康密切相关,克伦特罗是一种瘦肉精, 其化学式为C12H18Cl2N2O,是一种β-兴奋剂,通过猪肉内的残留进入人体使人中毒。下列有关叙述不正确的是( )
A.克伦特罗属于有机化合物
B.克伦特罗由五种元素组成
C.克伦特罗中氢元素的质量分数为51%
D.克伦特罗中碳、氢、氧三种元素的质量比为72︰9︰8
5.
下列有关溶液的叙述正确的是 ………………()
A.将植物油与水混合,充分振荡后得到的是溶液
B.配制溶液时,搅拌溶液可以增大溶质的溶解度
C.将120 g KCl溶液蒸干得到20g KCl固体,则KCl的溶解度为20g
D.KNO3中混有少量NaCl,可采用降温结晶法提纯KNO3
6.
下列有关实验操作的描述正确的是()
A.将pH试纸用蒸馏水润湿后测溶液的pH
B.燃着的酒精灯不慎碰倒,立即用湿布盖灭
C.实验室中用双氧水制备氧气和用氯酸钾制备氧气,可用同一种装置
D.将氢氧化钠固体直接放在托盘天平的右托盘上称量
7.
学习和利用化学可以改善我们的生存环境和生活条件,下列有关说法正确的是()
A.营养素包括氨基酸、糖类、脂肪等六大类B.磷酸氢二铵是复合肥料
C.棉花、羊毛和塑料都属于天然高分子材料D.化石燃料是可再生能源

3.选择题(共10题)

8.

根据所给情景在横线上填入一个适当的句子,使对话完整、通顺。
Scott: Hello!  This is Scott speaking. 
Nancy:  Hi,  Scott. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} 
Scott: Not bad.  What about you? 
Nancy: {#blank#}2{#/blank#} It’s my birthday today. 
Scott:  Really? {#blank#}3{#/blank#} 
Nancy: Thanks!  Well, {#blank#}4{#/blank#} 
Scott: It’s snowing.  I want to make a snowman near the house. 
Nancy: It sounds interesting.  It’s raining here. 
Scott: {#blank#}5{#/blank#} 
Nancy: I’m preparing(准备)for my birthday party. 
Scott: Is Mary there? 
Nancy: No,  she can’t come today.  

9.

Dear Lucy,
   We are back in Garden City now. We had    1   good trip.
   I    2  to collect my photos yesterday. They    3great! I showed these photos    4  my classmates. They all   5  them.
   There is a photo of Ben and Simon  6   the Great Wall. There is one of you and  7in the Forbidden City(紫禁城).
We really enjoyed    8vacation. We were sad(悲伤)to   9   you.
   You must   10and visit us in Garden City at Chinese New Year.
                                                                                                                                                          Love,
                                                                                                                                                          Kitty

10.

   Mr.  Smith never watched TV.  He thought that people spent too much time watching it.  Some of his friends often talked about sports shows,  the movies and plays. Mr. Smith said to himself,  “They never read any books or go out in the evening. ” So he didn’t buy a TV.
Two years ago,  Mr. Smith was 60 years old.  He stopped working in the hospital.  His son bought him a TV.  He began to watch all the news.  He knows much more about the world now.  And he reads more books,  too.
   Now,  Mr. Smith will get very unhappy if you trouble(打扰) him when he is watching TV.  I can’t know that one can change(改变) his idea when he is 60.

11.

   Mr.  Smith never watched TV.  He thought that people spent too much time watching it.  Some of his friends often talked about sports shows,  the movies and plays. Mr. Smith said to himself,  “They never read any books or go out in the evening. ” So he didn’t buy a TV.
Two years ago,  Mr. Smith was 60 years old.  He stopped working in the hospital.  His son bought him a TV.  He began to watch all the news.  He knows much more about the world now.  And he reads more books,  too.
   Now,  Mr. Smith will get very unhappy if you trouble(打扰) him when he is watching TV.  I can’t know that one can change(改变) his idea when he is 60.

12.

根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。 
It's too hot,  we need to drink more w{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. 
Mr. Black looks u{#blank#}2{#/blank#} ,  but he is a really good man. 
—How is the salad?  —Very d{#blank#}3{#/blank#}.
—Where is the post office?   —It's at the c{#blank#}4{#/blank#} of the street. 
The movie Avatar is great.  We d{#blank#}5{#/blank#}to see it again.

13.

根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。 
It's too hot,  we need to drink more w{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. 
Mr. Black looks u{#blank#}2{#/blank#} ,  but he is a really good man. 
—How is the salad?  —Very d{#blank#}3{#/blank#}.
—Where is the post office?   —It's at the c{#blank#}4{#/blank#} of the street. 
The movie Avatar is great.  We d{#blank#}5{#/blank#}to see it again.

14.

从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空

snow, sun, hot, relax, scarf

①He is drinking coffee,  he looks really {#blank#}1{#/blank#} 
②—Your{#blank#}2{#/blank#}  are all very nice.
—Thanks a lot.
③It’s {#blank#}3{#/blank#} .  Let’s go for a picnic(野餐). 
④Look,  it’s {#blank#}4{#/blank#} ,  let’s make a snowman. 
⑤Don’t go out in this{#blank#}5{#/blank#} 

15.

从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空

snow, sun, hot, relax, scarf

①He is drinking coffee,  he looks really {#blank#}1{#/blank#} 
②—Your{#blank#}2{#/blank#}  are all very nice.
—Thanks a lot.
③It’s {#blank#}3{#/blank#} .  Let’s go for a picnic(野餐). 
④Look,  it’s {#blank#}4{#/blank#} ,  let’s make a snowman. 
⑤Don’t go out in this{#blank#}5{#/blank#} 

16.

今年暑假,李芳和家人去青岛游玩了。在她给英国的网友Gina的邮件中,她向Gina介绍了此次游玩的情况。假设你是李芳,请你写这封邮件给Gina。要求:使用一般过去时;60词左右。
Dear Gina,
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
How was your vacation?  Please write back to me.
Yours,
Li Fang

17.

    Do you like going to the movies?  Most of the 1in high schools like movies very much.  Last Sunday I went to a school and asked some students 2 their favorite movies. 3of their answers were really interesting.  Here are their likes and4:
    Jim,  a 5boy,  likes watching thrillers because they are scary 6 exciting.  His classmate,  Kate,  can't stand documentaries.  She told me they were 7 parents.  But she really likes comedies because they are funny.  Jack is a big boy.  He said he8mind documentaries.  But he doesn't like comedies9they are boring!  And the coolest movies are action movies.  Everyone 10 them very much! 


4.填空题(共3题)

18.
人们可以对物质从不同的角度进行分类。请根据示例将酒精、硫酸、水、纯碱四种物质进行分类,并写出分类依据。
19.
化学用语是学习化学的基本工具,请用化学符号或化学式填空:
(1)3个硝酸根离子 (2)2个甲烷分子 (3)葡萄糖分子
20.
在H、O、C、S、Cl、Na、Ca七种元素中选择适当的元素组成符合下列要求的物质,并在空格中写出化学式或化学方程式。
(1)焙制糕点所用发酵粉的主要成分之一
(2)由三种元素组成且能使紫色石蕊试液变红色的一种化合物  
(3)写出一个氧化反应的化学方程式
(4)写出一个有沉淀生成的化学方程式

5.实验题(共1题)

21.
用熟石灰膏粉刷墙壁一段时间后,表面变硬,某化学兴趣小组中的王明同学认为是水分蒸发的原因,是物理变化;李刚同学则认为是熟石灰与空气中的二氧化碳接触生成了碳酸钙,是化学变化。(已知常温下氢氧化钙的溶解度为0.18g。) 为证明上述变化的真实原因,他们共同进行了如下探究:
第一步:取墙壁硬块样品少量研磨成粉末状,将粉末移至烧杯中加适量水搅拌、过滤,得到滤液和滤渣。李刚根据得到的滤渣推断自己的结论正确。你认为李刚的推断是否严谨?
,理由是  
第二步操作是:  
若看到现象为  ,证明该固体中含有碳酸钙。
第三步:取少量滤液于试管中,滴入 试液,如果看到滤液颜色变为    ,则证明氢氧化钙部分转化为碳酸钙。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    简答题:(1道)

    单选题:(6道)

    选择题:(10道)

    填空题:(3道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:4

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:4

    9星难题:0