2014届江苏省南京市玄武区九年级上学期期末考试化学试卷(带解析)

适用年级:初三
试卷号:310106

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2014/2/10

1.选择题(共6题)

1.如图所示,甲、乙两电路都是用来测定电阻Rx的,下列说法中正确的是(   )

2.

阅读理解

    Why do we read poetry? First obvious one: because we enjoy it. The only other reason is for academic purposes, and that's not why this is here.

    Many of us read poetry simply because we often feel depressed and hopelessly lost, and in poetry we see how beautiful and strange everything is. So in that way poetry calms our anxiety.

    There are many different kinds of poems. They are not all calming. Some poems make me anxious, angry, scared, and sad, which is why I value them. As a reader, I want a full meal, not just dessert. I want the sweet and the bitter. Often, I read poetry when I'm already relaxed. In fact, I read more when I'm not stressed out.

    Here are the main reasons I respond to poetry, as far as I can tell. Metrical(格律的) poems are about setting up rules and then bending them. Usually, this is done by setting up a rhythm and then violating it or almost violating it. And then returning to it again. This satisfies my desire for order and also my desire for testing boundaries.

    Poetry plays with language and often slams words together in surprising ways, which is thrilling the way food can be when the chef has paired ingredients you never thought would taste good together but somehow do.

    Many poems are dense. Words mean two or three things at once and lots of suggestions are packed between the lines. This is intellectually inspiring and it allows me to read the same poem over and over always finding new things in it.

    And, of course, there's the subject matter. It interests me just as it would if the same subject was explored in a story or essay. Not all poems interest me in this way, but then not all stories and essays do, either.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

3.

阅读理解

    Why do we read poetry? First obvious one: because we enjoy it. The only other reason is for academic purposes, and that's not why this is here.

    Many of us read poetry simply because we often feel depressed and hopelessly lost, and in poetry we see how beautiful and strange everything is. So in that way poetry calms our anxiety.

    There are many different kinds of poems. They are not all calming. Some poems make me anxious, angry, scared, and sad, which is why I value them. As a reader, I want a full meal, not just dessert. I want the sweet and the bitter. Often, I read poetry when I'm already relaxed. In fact, I read more when I'm not stressed out.

    Here are the main reasons I respond to poetry, as far as I can tell. Metrical(格律的) poems are about setting up rules and then bending them. Usually, this is done by setting up a rhythm and then violating it or almost violating it. And then returning to it again. This satisfies my desire for order and also my desire for testing boundaries.

    Poetry plays with language and often slams words together in surprising ways, which is thrilling the way food can be when the chef has paired ingredients you never thought would taste good together but somehow do.

    Many poems are dense. Words mean two or three things at once and lots of suggestions are packed between the lines. This is intellectually inspiring and it allows me to read the same poem over and over always finding new things in it.

    And, of course, there's the subject matter. It interests me just as it would if the same subject was explored in a story or essay. Not all poems interest me in this way, but then not all stories and essays do, either.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

4.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Write Product Descriptions Like a Professional

    Whenever you sell any type of product, you have to convince someone why they should make a purchase. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} You can hire a product description writing service or you can deal with it yourself We believe writing a convincing copy is the key. Here's how to write product descriptions like a professional.

    ●Read the Best Copy

    You can't write a description until you know how experts are doing it. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Using Amazon is an ideal method to find the best-sellers in your category. If they've reached the list of best-sellers they're doing something right

● {#blank#}3{#/blank#} 

    Normally, the specifications provided by the producer give you the bare facts about the product and nothing else. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Ask the producer to talk to you about their product. Get the facts from a human and you'll discover the heart behind the product. This is what you need to present to potential customers.

    ●Cut Down

 {#blank#}5{#/blank#} It doesn't matter if you produce a long story about how smooth the materials are or how the product is created in detail. It's always easier to cut everything down. Of course it always takes practice to get this right.

Writing a persuasive product description requires a lot of time and effort. Multiple drafts are often needed to find the best words for the job.

A. Consult the producer

B. Begin the first draft carefully

C .There's no soul to these statistics

D. Speak to someone you trust about your ideas

E. Look at your chosen field and find the best-sellers

F. Don't write a 50-word product description immediately

G .You need to get your product description right in order to do this

5.

阅读理解

    Life may have evolved on at least three planets within a newly discovered solar system 39 light years from Earth. Astronomers at the NASA have discovered no less than seven roughly Earth-sized worlds orbiting a dwarf star in the system. Scientists had previously identified a tiny number of "exoplanets", which are believed to have the qualities needed to support life. However, the new system contains an unprecedented(前所未有) number of Earth-sized, probably rocky planets, and is being acknowledged as an "accelerated leap forward" in the search for extraterrestrial (外星球的)life.

    Three of the new planets are said to be particularly promising because there might exist oceans. Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA, told a press conference in Washington: "This gives us a hint that finding a second Earth is not a matter of 'if', but 'when'."

    The planets were discovered using NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, which was able to track how fast each of the planets crossed the star Trappist-l and completed an orbit. From this the research team calculated how far the planets were from their star, and therefore how likely they are to be habitable.

    NASA's Hubble Space Telescope is already being used to search for atmospheres around the planets. Future telescopes, including the proposed European Extremely Large Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope, may be powerful enough to discover markers of life, such as oxygen in the atmospheres of exoplanets.

    Astronomers believe there could be as many as 40 billion potentially habitable worlds in our galaxy, the Milky Way. Prof Zurbuchen said that now was a "gold-rush phase" in the search for these exoplanets.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

6.如图所示,用伏安法测电阻R0的值时,M、N接在恒压电源上,当S接a时电压表示数10V,电流表示数0.2A;当S接b时,电压表示数12V,电流表示数0.15A.下列叙述正确的是(   )

2.单选题(共7题)

7.
日常生活中的下列变化,属于化学变化的是
8.
如图是一种叫“干水”的物质。每个“干水”粒子是外层包上沙质硅的小水滴,它吸收二氧化碳的能力比普通水高3倍。下列叙述正确的是
A.硅是一种金属
B.“干水”与“干冰”成分相同
C.“干水”是纯净物
D.可以使用“干水”诱捕二氧化碳等温室气体
9.
人工合成的立方氮化硼(BN),其硬度已超过金刚石。氮化硼中氮元素的化合价为-3价,则硼元素的化合价为()
A.-3B.0C.+1D.+3
10.
把少量下列物质分别放到水中,搅拌后可以得到无色澄清溶液的是
A.植物油B.面粉C.蔗糖D.高锰酸钾
11.
甲、乙两种物质的溶解度曲线如图所示。下列叙述不正确的是
A.t℃时,乙的饱和溶液65 g中含有溶剂50 g
B.t℃时,甲的溶解度等于乙的溶解度
C.将t℃时甲的饱和溶液变为不饱和溶液,可采取降温的方法
D.将t2℃时甲、乙的饱和溶液降温到t℃,都有晶体析出
12.
2013年12月,笼罩全国许多地区的雾霾给工农业生产和人们的生活都带来了极大的影响。为了减轻这种天气的产生和对人类的危害,下列做法不合理的是
A.大力发展公共交通
B.严格禁止使用私家车
C.严格要求各企业达标排放废气
D.灰霾天出门戴N95专业口罩(过滤孔径在0.1微米左右)
13.
高温加热10g碳酸钙,一段时间后停止加热,测得剩余固体中钙元素的质量分数为50%.此时反应生成的二氧化碳质量为(  )
A.4.4克B.2克C.2.4克D.4克

3.填空题(共3题)

14.
现有六种物质,选择相应物质的字母填空:
A.活性炭B.酒精C.武德合金 D.钛合金 E、石墨 F、一氧化碳
(1)_______可用于制铅笔芯   (2)_______可用于制造人造骨
(3)_______可用于吸附冰箱内的异味   (4)_______是有毒气体
(5)_______是实验室最常用的燃料 (6)_______可制作保险丝
15.
(3分)化学是研究物质的组成、结构、性质及其变化规律的自然科学。
(1)从下图中能获取的信息是_______(填字母序号)。
A.分子之间有间隔B.硅原子是由原子核和电子构成
C.水分子受热运动速率加快D.构成物质的粒子有分子、原子和离子
(2)兴趣小组同学利用以下实验探究氨气的性质,下图从左到右依次是实验步骤及相应的现象。

通过实验该小组同学可以得出氨气的性质为______________
16.
(5分)对化石燃料的综合利用是目前研究的热点问题之一。
(1)三大化石燃料指的是煤、_______和天然气。
(2)煤的气化是一种重要的煤炭资源综合利用技术,其过程如图I所示。合成气中的物质
   
图I 图II
A和B在一定条件下反应可生成物质C和D,其微观过程如图II所示
①气化炉中主要发生了_______(填“物理”或“化学”)变化。
②A、B、C、D四种物质中,属于氧化物的是_______(填字母序号)。
③物质C不仅是一种清洁燃料,也是重要的化工原料。写出物质C在氧气中燃烧的化学方程式:___  ____
④在反应A + B  C + D中,B和C的质量比为_______

4.实验题(共1题)

17.
(11分)实验室制取常见气体所需的装置如下图所示。

请回答下列问题。
(1)写出标号仪器的名称a_______、b_______
(2)用锌粒和稀盐酸制取氢气的化学方程式为_______;用高锰酸钾制取氧气时,所选用的发生装置为____(填字母序号),发生反应的化学方程式是:_____
(3)用大理石和稀盐酸制取二氧化碳的化学方程式为_______。用装置_______(填字母序号)收集二氧化碳,将燃着的木条放在集气瓶口,若观察到_______, 说明瓶中已充满二氧化碳。 
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(6道)

    单选题:(7道)

    填空题:(3道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:7

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:3

    9星难题:1