2013-2014山东省潍坊市高三4月模拟考试理综化学试卷

适用年级:高三
试卷号:302532

试卷类型:高考模拟
试卷考试时间:2017/7/26

1.综合题(共2题)

1.
(化学一物质结构与性质)
根据物质结构与性质的关系,请回答下列问题:
(1)基态铬(Cr)原子的价电子排布式是________,这样排布使整个体系能量最低,原因是________。
(2)氨水中存在多种形式的氢键,其中与“氨极易溶于水”这种性质相关的氢键可表示为:_________。解释NH3分子中键角大于H2O中的键角的原因是_________。
(3)下列各项的比较中正确的是_________。
A.第一电离能:Mg>Al
B.电负性:P>Ge
C.稳定性:AsH3>H2S
D.金属性:
 
(4) Fe单质的晶体在不同温度下有两种堆积方式,晶胞
结构如图所示,体心立方晶胞和面心立方晶胞中实际含有的
Fe原子个数之比为_________。
2.
某化学研究小组探究溴化亚铁水溶液与氯气反应。
(1)该小组同学用下图所示装置制取干燥纯净的氯气。

仪器A的名称是________,装置C中的试剂是________,装置F的作用是________;写出制备氯气的离子方程式________。
(2)该小组同学对Cl2与FeBr2溶液的反应进行实验探究。
(实验过程)
向l00mL0. 1mol的溶液缓缓通入100 mLCl2(标准状况),溶液由浅绿色逐渐变黄色;继续通人Cl2,溶液黄色加深,变为棕黄色。
(提出假设)上述现象发生的原因可能是:
假设1:Cl2先将Fe2氧化生成Fe3,溶液逐渐变黄色,Cl2再把Br氧化成Br2,溶液变为棕黄色。
假设2:Cl2先将Br氧化生成Br2,溶液逐渐变黄色,Cl2再把Fe2氧化成Fe3,溶液变为棕黄色。
(实验方案)
方案甲:设计实验验证由浅绿色逐渐变黄色的原因________(说明实验操作、现象和结论)。
方案乙:设计对比实验验证氧化性顺序
试验
操作
现象
a
取少量FeCl3溶液于试管中,滴加少量氯水,再滴加2滴KSCN溶液,振荡静置。
溶液变为血红色
b
取少量FeCl3溶液于试管中,滴加少量溴化钠溶液和少量CCl4,振荡静置。
CCl4层没有明显变化
c
____________________
CCl4层由无色变为橙红色
 
根据实验得出Cl2、Fe3、Br2氧化性由强到弱的顺序为________,上述假设合理的是________。
(3)若向含有0.1 molFeBr2的溶液中通人0.1molCl2充分反应,写出反应的离子方程式:________。

2.单选题(共3题)

3.
已知一紫罗兰酮的结构简式是,关于该有机物的说法正确的是
A.其分子式为C13H18O
B.能使溴的四氯化碳溶液、酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色
C.属于芳香族化合物
D.能发生加成反应、取代反应、水解反应
4.
下列说法正确的是
A.淀粉和纤维素的最终水解产物都是葡萄糖,二者互为同分异构体
B.高纯度的二氧化硅是制备光导纤维、太阳能电池板的主要材料
C.石油的分馏、裂化、裂解都属于化学变化
D.合金材料中可能含有非金属元素
5.
根据下列操作及现象,所得结论正确的是
序号
操作及现象
结论
A
将0.1mol/L氨水稀释成0.01mol/L,测得pH由11.1变成10. 6
稀释后NH3•H2O的电离程度减小
B
向某无色溶液中滴加稀盐酸无现象,滴加氯化钡溶液,产生白色沉淀
该溶液中一定存在SO42-
C
将某气体通入品红溶液,品红溶液褪色
该气体一定是SO2
D
向ZnS沉淀上滴加硫酸铜溶液,沉淀变为黑色
同温下,Ksp(ZnS)<Ksp(CuS)
 
A. A B. B C. C D. D

3.选择题(共7题)

6.阅读理解

    I was 8 years old when I found out my father was ill. It was 1993, but I can remember my mother's words as if it were yesterday. “Jessica, I don't want you to take food from your father, because he has AIDS. Be very careful when you are around him.”

    AIDS wasn't something we talked about in my country when I was growing up. From then on, I knew that this would be a family secret. My parents were not together anymore, and my dad lived alone. For a while, he could take care of himself. But when I was 11, his condition worsened. My father's other children lived far away, so it fell to me to look after him.

    We couldn't afford all the necessary medication for him, and because Dad was unable to work. I had no money for school supplies and often couldn't even buy food for dinner. I would sit in class feeling completely lost, the teacher's words muffled as I was thinking how I was going to manage.

    I didn't share my burden (负担) with anyone. I had seen how people reacted to AIDS. Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease. And even adults could be cruel. When my father was moved to the hospital, the nurses would leave his food on the bedside even though he was too weak to feed himself.

    I had known that he was going to die. But after so many years of keeping his condition a secret, I was completely unprepared when he reached his final days. Sad and hopeless, I called a woman at the nonprofit (非营利的) National AIDS Support. That day, she kept me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared. She saved my life.

    I was 14 when my father died. He took his secret away with him, having never spoken about AIDS to anyone, even me. He didn't want to call attention to AIDS. I do.

7.阅读理解

    I was 8 years old when I found out my father was ill. It was 1993, but I can remember my mother's words as if it were yesterday. “Jessica, I don't want you to take food from your father, because he has AIDS. Be very careful when you are around him.”

    AIDS wasn't something we talked about in my country when I was growing up. From then on, I knew that this would be a family secret. My parents were not together anymore, and my dad lived alone. For a while, he could take care of himself. But when I was 11, his condition worsened. My father's other children lived far away, so it fell to me to look after him.

    We couldn't afford all the necessary medication for him, and because Dad was unable to work. I had no money for school supplies and often couldn't even buy food for dinner. I would sit in class feeling completely lost, the teacher's words muffled as I was thinking how I was going to manage.

    I didn't share my burden (负担) with anyone. I had seen how people reacted to AIDS. Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease. And even adults could be cruel. When my father was moved to the hospital, the nurses would leave his food on the bedside even though he was too weak to feed himself.

    I had known that he was going to die. But after so many years of keeping his condition a secret, I was completely unprepared when he reached his final days. Sad and hopeless, I called a woman at the nonprofit (非营利的) National AIDS Support. That day, she kept me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared. She saved my life.

    I was 14 when my father died. He took his secret away with him, having never spoken about AIDS to anyone, even me. He didn't want to call attention to AIDS. I do.

8.阅读理解

    I was 8 years old when I found out my father was ill. It was 1993, but I can remember my mother's words as if it were yesterday. “Jessica, I don't want you to take food from your father, because he has AIDS. Be very careful when you are around him.”

    AIDS wasn't something we talked about in my country when I was growing up. From then on, I knew that this would be a family secret. My parents were not together anymore, and my dad lived alone. For a while, he could take care of himself. But when I was 11, his condition worsened. My father's other children lived far away, so it fell to me to look after him.

    We couldn't afford all the necessary medication for him, and because Dad was unable to work. I had no money for school supplies and often couldn't even buy food for dinner. I would sit in class feeling completely lost, the teacher's words muffled as I was thinking how I was going to manage.

    I didn't share my burden (负担) with anyone. I had seen how people reacted to AIDS. Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease. And even adults could be cruel. When my father was moved to the hospital, the nurses would leave his food on the bedside even though he was too weak to feed himself.

    I had known that he was going to die. But after so many years of keeping his condition a secret, I was completely unprepared when he reached his final days. Sad and hopeless, I called a woman at the nonprofit (非营利的) National AIDS Support. That day, she kept me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared. She saved my life.

    I was 14 when my father died. He took his secret away with him, having never spoken about AIDS to anyone, even me. He didn't want to call attention to AIDS. I do.

9.阅读理解

    Today we find that school students hardly spend much time on sports. Is it because they aren't interested in sports? No, they often say they have other more important things to do.

    What are these important things? Exams! They have to spend much time on all kinds of exams at school. So many of them almost become bookworms(书呆子). Books stop them from going out for sports. Because of the pressure from their parents and teachers, the students have to work harder and spend most of their time on books. As for the students, they want to get good results so that they can improve their studies. So it is necessary for them to give all of their free time to their studies and stop their school sports.

    In fact, education can't go without enough exercise, because a quick mind hardly goes along with a weak body. If you don't have a strong body, you can never get anything or any great success in your life.

10.阅读理解

    Today we find that school students hardly spend much time on sports. Is it because they aren't interested in sports? No, they often say they have other more important things to do.

    What are these important things? Exams! They have to spend much time on all kinds of exams at school. So many of them almost become bookworms(书呆子). Books stop them from going out for sports. Because of the pressure from their parents and teachers, the students have to work harder and spend most of their time on books. As for the students, they want to get good results so that they can improve their studies. So it is necessary for them to give all of their free time to their studies and stop their school sports.

    In fact, education can't go without enough exercise, because a quick mind hardly goes along with a weak body. If you don't have a strong body, you can never get anything or any great success in your life.

11.阅读理解

    Today we find that school students hardly spend much time on sports. Is it because they aren't interested in sports? No, they often say they have other more important things to do.

    What are these important things? Exams! They have to spend much time on all kinds of exams at school. So many of them almost become bookworms(书呆子). Books stop them from going out for sports. Because of the pressure from their parents and teachers, the students have to work harder and spend most of their time on books. As for the students, they want to get good results so that they can improve their studies. So it is necessary for them to give all of their free time to their studies and stop their school sports.

    In fact, education can't go without enough exercise, because a quick mind hardly goes along with a weak body. If you don't have a strong body, you can never get anything or any great success in your life.

12.阅读理解

    Mary is an American girl. She is now in Beijing with her parents. Mary doesn't know much Chinese, but she is studying it. She often speaks Chinese with her Chinese friends. Sometimes they can't understand her, because she can't speak Chinese very well.

    It's Saturday morning. She goes out. She is walking in the street. She wants to go to the zoo to see the elephants and monkeys, but she doesn't know how to get there. She asks a Chinese boy the way. The boy can't understand her. Then she takes out a pen and a piece of paper. She draws an elephant on it, and shows the picture to the boy. The boy understands, and shows her the way to the zoo.

试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(2道)

    单选题:(3道)

    选择题:(7道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:5

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:0